ACIDS AND BASES Flashcards
What is an acid?
A substance that donates protons (H+) in a solution.
What is a base?
A substance that accepts protons or donates hydroxide ions (OH-) in a solution.
What is the pH scale range?
0 to 14.
True or False: A pH of 7 is considered neutral.
True.
What is the pH of a strong acid?
Less than 3.
What is the pH of a strong base?
Greater than 11.
Fill in the blank: Acids turn litmus paper _____.
red.
Fill in the blank: Bases turn litmus paper _____.
blue.
What is a neutralization reaction?
A reaction between an acid and a base that produces water and a salt.
Which of the following is a strong acid? (A) HCl (B) CH3COOH (C) H2CO3
A) HCl.
Which of the following is a strong base? (A) NaOH (B) NH4OH (C) K2CO3
A) NaOH.
True or False: All acids are corrosive.
False.
What does the term ‘alkaline’ refer to?
A substance having properties of a base, specifically with a pH greater than 7.
What is the main component of hydrochloric acid?
Hydrogen chloride (HCl).
What is the chemical formula for sodium hydroxide?
NaOH.
What are the products of the neutralization of sulfuric acid with sodium hydroxide?
Sodium sulfate and water.
Fill in the blank: A solution with a pH of 2 is considered _____ (acidic/basic).
acidic.
What is the term for acids that only partially dissociate in solution?
Weak acids.
What is the term for bases that only partially dissociate in solution?
Weak bases.
What is an example of a weak acid?
Acetic acid (CH3COOH).
What is an example of a weak base?
Ammonium hydroxide (NH4OH).
True or False: All bases feel slippery.
True.
What is the process of adding an acid to a base to achieve a desired pH called?
Titration.
What does the term ‘conjugate acid-base pair’ refer to?
A pair of compounds that differ by a single proton.
