Acids And Bases

Question 1

Arrhenius Acid

Answer 1

Acids produce hydrogen ions in aqueous solution

Question 2

Arrhenius base

Answer 2

Bases produce hydroxide ions in aqueous solution

Question 3

Lowry-Bronsted acid

Answer 3

An acid is a proton donor

Question 4

Lowry-Bronsted base

Answer 4

A base in a proton acceptor

Question 5

Strong acids

Answer 5

Ionize completely in water to form a high concentration of H3O+ ions (eg. Hydrochlauric acid, sulphuric acid and nitric acid)

Question 6

Weak acids

Answer 6

Ionize incompletely in water to form a low concentration of H3O+ ions (eg. Ethanoic acid and oxalic acid)

Question 7

Strong bases

Answer 7

Dissociate completely in water to form a high concentration of OH- ions (eg. Sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide)

Question 8

Weak bases

Answer 8

Dissociate incompletely in water to form a low concentration of OH- ions (eg. Ammonia, Calcium carbonate and potassium carbonate)

Question 9

Concentrated acids/bases

Answer 9

Contain a large amount (number of moles) of acid/base in proportion to the volume of water

Question 10

Dilute acids and bases

Answer 10

Contain a small amount (number of moles) of acid/base in proportion to the volume of water

Question 11

Hydrolysis

Answer 11

The reaction of a salt with water

Question 12

Equivalence point of a titration

Answer 12

The point at which the acid/base has completely reacted with the base/acid

Question 13

Endpoint of a titration

Answer 13

The point where the indicator changes colour

Question 14

pH scale

Answer 14

A scale of numbers from 0 to 14 used to express thee acidity or alkalinity of a solution

Question 15

Kw

Answer 15

The equilibrium constant for the ionization of water

Question 16

Auto-ionization of water

Answer 16

The reaction of water with itself to form H3O+ ions and OH- ions