Acids and Bases

Question 1

What is an acid?

Answer 1

An acid is a substance that dissolves in water to produce hydrogen ions (H+) that donate a proton

Question 2

What is a base?

Answer 2

base produces hydroxide ions (OH-) can accept protons

Question 3

What is a Lewis acid?

Answer 3

Is an electron pair acceptor

Question 4

What is a Lewis base?

Answer 4

Bases in an electron its a donor

Question 5

What is a monoprotic acid?

Answer 5

This means that it can only donate one mole of protons per mole such as HCL,CH3 and COOH.

Question 6

What is a diprotic acid?

Answer 6

Means that they can only donate two moles of protons per mole of acid

Question 7

What is triprotic acid?

Answer 7

Can donate three moles of protons per mole of acid

Question 8

What is a Brønsted-Lowry ​acid​?

Answer 8

A proton donor

Question 9

What is a Brønsted-Lowry ​base?

Answer 9

A proton acceptor

Question 10

What is pH?

Answer 10

The acidity of a an aqueous solution depends on the number of H+ ions in a solution.

Question 11

How to calculate pH?

Answer 11

pH=-log10(H+)

Question 12

How do you calculate the number of proton in a solution?

Answer 12

[H+]=10-pH

Question 13

What does the concentration of H+ ions determine?

Answer 13

The strength of acid as the higher concentration of H+ ions because acid fully dissociated so 1-3 and when a weak acid will have a lower concentration of H+ ions so between 5-7

Question 14

How to calculate weak acids ?

Answer 14

Weak acids only partially dissociate when dissolved in water. HA<->H+ + A- which you can work out using the same equation for pp to find out Ka.

Question 15

How to calculate pH of weak acid?

Answer 15

Make two assumptions that they have fully dissociated at a 1:1 ratio as [H+]=[A-] as the amount of dissociation is small so assume the concentration of HA stays the same then - log base 10 your answer to receive the pH

Question 16

How to calculate pH of strong acids?

Answer 16

Completely dissociate therefore the hydrogen ions in a monoprotic strong acid will have the same concentration the original concentration of the acid added to the pH equation give you the answer

Question 17

What is the ionic products in water?

Answer 17

In all aqueous solutions and pure water the following occurs H20<->[H+]+[OH-] which gives you the equation Kw=[H+][OH-]

Question 18

How to find the pH of pure water?

Answer 18

Pure water is neutral because the Kw=[H+][OH-] turns into Kw=[H+]2 as [H+]=[OH-]

Question 19

How do you calculate pH of a strong base?

Answer 19

Need to work out concentration of H+ ions using the Kw expression by using the Kw/[OH-]=[H+] then plug this into the pH equation