acids and bases

Question 1

what is the arrhenius concept of acids

Answer 1

• substances that increase the amount of H+ in aqueous solution

Question 2

the Bronsted and Lowry theory of acids

Answer 2

acids are proton (H+) donors

Question 3

what is the Lewis concept of acids and bases

Answer 3

acids are electron acceptors while bases are electron donors

Question 4

what is the arrhenius concept of bases

Answer 4

bases are substances that increase the amount of OH- ions in aqueous solution

Question 5

give examples of strong acids

Answer 5

HCl; HBr; HI; H2SO4; HClO3; HClO4;

Question 6

give examples of weak acids

Answer 6

H2S; HCN; CH3COOH; HF;H2CO3;

Question 7

define the ion product constantof water, Kw

Answer 7

the product of the equilibrium mass concentrations of amonium and hydroxide ions

Question 8

define pH value

Answer 8

the negative value of the logarithm of the numerical value of the plural concentrations of hydrogen or oxonium ions

Question 9

define pOH value

Answer 9

negative logarithm of the mass concentration of hydroxide ions

Question 10

what is Kb

Answer 10

ionization constant of a weak base

Question 11

what is Ka

Answer 11

measure of acid strenght

Question 12

how are acids formed

Answer 12

by the reaction of nonmetal oxides with water

Question 13

when are acids stroong and when are they weak

Answer 13

they are stonger if the ionizationi is bigger and they are weak when ionizatio is smaller

Question 14

division of acids

Answer 14

monoprotonic, diprotonic and triprotonic

Question 15

what are basic oxides

Answer 15

metal oxides in reaction with water form hydroxide which are called basic oxides

Question 16

name a few strong bases

Answer 16

NaOH; KOH; LiOH; Ca(OH)2; Ba(OH)2

Question 17

name a few weak bases

Answer 17

NH3; organic bases - CH3NH2, NH4OH; C5H5N

Question 18

what are strong acids and what are weak acids

Answer 18

strong acids- they fully dissociate in water into ions

weak acids- partially dissociate in water into ions

Question 19

what are two types of anions and state their formula

Answer 19

hydrogen sulphate ions( HSO4-) and sulphate ions(SO42-)

Question 20

how the reaction of two water molecules called

Answer 20

autoionization of molecules

Question 21

what it means that water is ampholyte

Answer 21

it can
be both a proton donor and a
proton acceptor in a reaction.