Acids and Bases Flashcards
What is a acid?
A chemical that gives off hydrogen ions in water and forms salts by combining with certain metals. Acids have a sour taste and turn certain dyes red. Some acids made by the body, such as gastric acid, can help organs work the way they should. An example of an acid is hydrochloric acid.
What is a Base?
A substance that can accept hydrogen ions in water and can neutralize an acid. Bases feel soapy or slippery on the skin and they can turn certain dyes blue. An example of a base is sodium hydroxide. Basicity is measured on a scale called the pH scale.
What is a Carbonate?
Carbonate is a polyatomic anion with the formula CO2−3 and has a trigonal planar molecular structure which consists of a carbon atom surrounded by three oxygen atoms. The carbonate ion is a moderately strong base
What is a salt?
A chemical compound consisting of an ionic assembly of positively charged cations and negatively charged anions
What is a strong acid?
A strong acid is an acid that is completely dissociated in an aqueous solution
What is a weak acid?
Weak acids are acids that don’t completely dissociate in solution
What are properties of acids?
The properties of acid are as follows: Acids are sour in taste. Acids furnish hydrogen ions in aqueous solution. Acid reacts with metal to form hydrogen gas. Acid reacts with carbonates and liberates carbon dioxide gas.
What are properties of bases?
Chemical Properties of Bases
Bases change the colour of litmus from red to blue.
They are bitter in taste.
Bases lose their basicity when mixed with acids.
Bases react with acids to form salt and water. …
They can conduct electricity.
Bases feel slippery or soapy.
Some bases are great conductors of electricity.
What is an example of a acid?
Hydrochloric acid, Sulfuric acid
What is an example of a base?
Sodium hydroxide, calcium carbonate and potassium oxide
Describe the reaction of acids with a base
The reaction of an acid with a base is called a neutralization reaction. The products of this reaction are a salt and water. In this traditional representation an acid–base neutralization reaction is formulated as a double-replacement reaction.
Describe the reactions of acids and a carbonate
When acids react with carbonates, such as calcium carbonate (found in chalk, limestone and marble), a salt, water and carbon dioxide are made. The carbon dioxide causes bubbling during the reaction, which is observed as fizzing. It can be detected by passing the gas through limewater, which will go cloudy.
Describe the reactions of a base and a carbonate
Carbonate salts act as weak bases and therefore participate in acid-base reactions that generate heat and release carbon dioxide.
Describe the reaction of acid with a metal.
When a metal is put in acid, it gets smaller and smaller as it gets used up in the chemical reaction . At the same time, bubbles of gas can be seen. The bubbles produced in the reaction are hydrogen gas. This can be proven using a burning splint because hydrogen is flammable
Describe the reaction of a base and a metal.
A base reacts with a metal to form salt. During the reaction of a base with metal, hydrogen gas is evolved. The evolution of hydrogen gas can be confirmed by bringing a lit candle near the mouth of the test tube. This leads to a pop sound, indicating the evolution of hydrogen gas.
