Acids and Bases

Question 1

What is the Bronsted-Lowry definition of an acid?

Answer 1

proton donor

Question 2

What is the Bronsted-Lowry definition of a base?

Answer 2

proton acceptor

Question 3

What is the Lewis defintion of an acid?

Answer 3

electron pair acceptor

Question 4

What is the Lewis definition of a base?

Answer 4

electron pair donors

Question 5

What is a conjugate base?

Answer 5

when a Bronsted-Lowry acid donates a proton, the remaining structure is the conjugate base of the acid

Question 6

What is a conjugate acid?

Answer 6

when a Bronsted-Lowry base bonds with a proton, the new species if the conjugate acid of the base

Question 7

What is the definition of polyprotic?

Answer 7

it is a substance that has more than one proton to donate

Question 8

What is the definition of amphoteric?

Answer 8

it is whenever a substance can act as both a base and an acid

Question 9

What are important amphoteric compounds for the MCAT?

Answer 9

amino acids

Question 10

What is the pH scale?

Answer 10

a scale that measures the concentration of protons in a solution

Question 11

What are the normal ranges of the pH scale?

Answer 11

pH < 7 is an acidic solution
pH = 7 is a neutral solution
pH > 7 is a basic solution

Question 12

What is a buffer?

Answer 12

solution that resists changing pH when a small amount of acid or base is added