Acids and Bases Flashcards

1
Q

Properties of Acids

A
  1. Tastes sour
  2. Conducts electricity in solutions
  3. Neutralize bases
  4. Turns litmus ppr red
  5. pH < 7
  6. Corrodes some metals
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2
Q

Properties of Bases

A
  1. Tastes bitter
  2. Conducts electricity in solutions
  3. Nutrelizes Acids
  4. Turns litmus ppr blue
  5. pH > 7
  6. Feels slippery
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3
Q

Arrhenius Acids

A

Anything that increases the concentration of H3O+ in water

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4
Q

Arrhenius Base

A

Anything that increases the concentration of OH- when dissolved in water

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5
Q

Naming acids

A

Based on their anion:

ide - hydro__ic acid —–> HCl - Hydrochloric acid

ate - __ic acid —–> H2SO4 - Sulfic acid

ite - __ous acid —–> H2SO3 - Sulfurous acid

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6
Q

(Bronsted-Lowery)

B/L Acids:

A

Give a (H+) proton

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7
Q

(Bronsted-Lowery)

B/L Bases:

A

Proton accepter

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8
Q

Stronger the acid…

A

the weaker the base and vis versa

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9
Q

Water is amphoteric…

A

can lose or gain an H+ (depending on if it’s w/ an acid or base)

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10
Q

0 14

A

pH: acidic, neutral, basic
pOH: basic, neutral, acidic

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11
Q

Self ionization of water

A

(H3O+)(OH-) = 1 x 10^-14

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12
Q

Solving pH and pOH

A
  • log(H3O+)
  • log(OH-)

Going from one to the other subtract 14

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13
Q

Solving (OH-) and (H3O+)

A

OH- = 10^-pOH

H3O+ = 10^-pH

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14
Q

Strong acids…

A

ionize completly

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15
Q

Weak acids….

A

ionize until they reach equilibrium

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16
Q

Chemical equilibrium

A

Forward/reverse reaction happening at the same rate

17
Q

Chemical equilibrium

Most are reversible: but if they’re not it’s bc….

(define equilibrium too, and how its reached)

A
  • precipitation forms
  • gas forms/escapes
  • products are more stable than reactants

But if it is -
left alone will reach equilibrium
(the balance b/w 2 opposite processes)

18
Q

Equilibrium constant equation: (Keq)

A

Tells wheater products or reactants will be “favored” at equilibrium

Equation = porducts/reactens

19
Q

In a Keq you can only express concentrations/physical states of…

A

Gases or aqueous solutions

20
Q

Rule we use to ignore -x

when doing ice box

A

(HA)i/ka > 100

21
Q

Degree Ionization

A

(x)/inital x 100

22
Q

Hydroxide ion

A

OH

23
Q

Hydronium

A

H3O+

24
Q

Neutralization reaction

A

Acid reacts w/ base to produce water and “salt”

25
Q

Titration

A

Finding concentration of unknown using known concentration

26
Q

Common indicators

A

litmus, brohtymel blue, methyl red, phenothanlien

27
Q

An indicator is..

A

a weak acid or base

28
Q

Equivalence point

A

When acid/base present are in chemically equivalent amounts

29
Q

Strong Base/Acid

A

pH is7

30
Q

Base Strong, Acid Weak

A

pH above 7 (9/8)

31
Q

Strong Acid, Weak Base

A

Below 7

32
Q

Can solve kb by…

A

10^-14/ka