Acids and Bases

Question 1

Properties of Acids

Answer 1

1. Tastes sour
2. Conducts electricity in solutions
3. Neutralize bases
4. Turns litmus ppr red
5. pH < 7
6. Corrodes some metals

Question 2

Properties of Bases

Answer 2

1. Tastes bitter
2. Conducts electricity in solutions
3. Nutrelizes Acids
4. Turns litmus ppr blue
5. pH > 7
6. Feels slippery

Question 3

Arrhenius Acids

Answer 3

Anything that increases the concentration of H3O+ in water

Question 4

Arrhenius Base

Answer 4

Anything that increases the concentration of OH- when dissolved in water

Question 5

Naming acids

Answer 5

Based on their anion:

ide - hydro__ic acid —–> HCl - Hydrochloric acid

ate - __ic acid —–> H2SO4 - Sulfic acid

ite - __ous acid —–> H2SO3 - Sulfurous acid

Question 6

(Bronsted-Lowery)

B/L Acids:

Answer 6

Give a (H+) proton

Question 7

(Bronsted-Lowery)

B/L Bases:

Answer 7

Proton accepter

Question 8

Stronger the acid…

Answer 8

the weaker the base and vis versa

Question 9

Water is amphoteric…

Answer 9

can lose or gain an H+ (depending on if it’s w/ an acid or base)

Question 10

0 14

Answer 10

pH: acidic, neutral, basic
pOH: basic, neutral, acidic

Question 11

Self ionization of water

Answer 11

(H3O+)(OH-) = 1 x 10^-14

Question 12

Solving pH and pOH

Answer 12

• log(H3O+)
• log(OH-)

Going from one to the other subtract 14

Question 13

Solving (OH-) and (H3O+)

Answer 13

OH- = 10^-pOH

H3O+ = 10^-pH

Question 14

Strong acids…

Answer 14

ionize completly

Question 15

Weak acids….

Answer 15

ionize until they reach equilibrium

Question 16

Chemical equilibrium

Answer 16

Forward/reverse reaction happening at the same rate

Question 17

Chemical equilibrium

Most are reversible: but if they’re not it’s bc….

(define equilibrium too, and how its reached)

Answer 17

• precipitation forms
• gas forms/escapes
• products are more stable than reactants

But if it is -
left alone will reach equilibrium
(the balance b/w 2 opposite processes)

Question 18

Equilibrium constant equation: (Keq)

Answer 18

Tells wheater products or reactants will be “favored” at equilibrium

Equation = porducts/reactens

Question 19

In a Keq you can only express concentrations/physical states of…

Answer 19

Gases or aqueous solutions

Question 20

Rule we use to ignore -x

when doing ice box

Answer 20

(HA)i/ka > 100

Question 21

Degree Ionization

Answer 21

(x)/inital x 100

Question 22

Hydroxide ion

Answer 22

OH

Question 23

Hydronium

Answer 23

H3O+

Question 24

Neutralization reaction

Answer 24

Acid reacts w/ base to produce water and “salt”

Question 25

Titration

Answer 25

Finding concentration of unknown using known concentration

Question 26

Common indicators

Answer 26

litmus, brohtymel blue, methyl red, phenothanlien

Question 27

An indicator is..

Answer 27

a weak acid or base

Question 28

Equivalence point

Answer 28

When acid/base present are in chemically equivalent amounts

Question 29

Strong Base/Acid

Answer 29

pH is7

Question 30

Base Strong, Acid Weak

Answer 30

pH above 7 (9/8)

Question 31

Strong Acid, Weak Base

Answer 31

Below 7

Question 32

Can solve kb by…

Answer 32

10^-14/ka