acids and bases Flashcards
ph scale definition
a measure of how acidic a solution is and is a continuous range of numbers from 0-14
what compound solutions are good conductors
ionic
why do solutions conduct
because the ions are free to move
all acids and bases are good conductors so they must be…
ionic
for a substance to change the ph of water it must be
soluble
in acids…
the concentration of hydrogen ions is greater than the concentration of hydroxide ions
in alkalis
the concentration of hydroxide ions is greater than the concentration of hydrogen ions
sodium hydroxide
NaOH
potassium hydroxide
KOH
ammonium hydroxide
NH4OH
hydrochloric acid
HCl
nitric acid
HNO3
sulfuric acid
H2SO4
what does burning a metal produce?
a metal oxide
what will burning a non metal produce?
a non metal oxide
how are non metal compounds bonded
covalent bonds
how are metal oxides bonded
ionic bonds
what is a base?
any substance which neutralises an acid
the three main types of base are
metal oxides, metal hydroxides, metal carbonates
what happens when a base is dissolved in water
forms an alkali
what is a neutralisation reaction?
when an acid is addd to a base
metal oxide+ acid–>
salt+water
acid+alkali–>
salt + water
any acid can be neutralised by
any base-metal hydroxide, metal oxide, metal carbonate-
what is indicator used for in a titration
to show the end point of the titration
valid repeat titrations are called
CONCORDANT volumes
acid + carbonate–>
salt+carbon dioxide+water
ions which are chemically unchanged after a reaction has taken place are called
spectator ions
