Acids And Bases Flashcards
Reactions
Acid/Base + Metal ›
Salt + Hydrogen gas
Metal carbonate/Metal hydrogencarbonate + Acid ›
Salt + Carbon dioxide + Water
Base + Acid ›
Salt + Water
Metal oxide + Acid ›
Salt + Water
Bases which are soluble in water
Alkalis
Alcohol and glucose do not conduct electricity because
These aren’t ionic compounds. They’re rather covalent compounds and share electrons, thus by having no free electrons, they cannot conduct electricity.
p in pH stands for
potenz in German, meaning power
pH of body
7.0-7.8
pH of acid rain
<5.6
Tooth decay starts when pH of mouth is
<5.5
Enamel is made up of
Calcium hydroxyapatite, crystalline form of Calcium phosphate
NaCl(aq) + H2O(l) ›
NaOH(aq) + Cl2(g) + H2(g) (chlor-alkali process)
Formation of Bleaching Powder
Action of chlorine on dry slaked lime.
Ca[OH]2 + Cl2 › CaOCl2 + H2O
Bleaching powder
CaOCl2
Uses of bleaching powder
- Textile industry, wood in paper factory, washed clothes.
- Oxidising agent
- Drinking water free from germs
Formation of Sodium hydrogencarbonate
NaCl + H2O + CO2 + NH3 (ammonia) › NH4Cl (ammonium chloride) + NaHCO3 (sodium hydrogencarbonate)
Baking Soda
NaHCO3 (Sodium hydrogencarbonate)
Sodium hydrogencarbonate when cooking
NaHCO3 + ∆ →Na2CO3 + H2O + CO2
Baking powder
NaHCO3 + Tartaric acid → CO2 + H2O + Baking Soda
Formation of Washing Soda
Na2CO3 (sodium carbonate) + 10H2O → Na2CO3•10H2O
Uses of washing soda
- Glass soap and paper industries
- Manufacturing of borax
- Cleaning agent
- Removing permanent hardness of water
Hydrated and anhydrous Copper Sulphate soln.
CuSO4•5H2O + ∆ → CuSO4
Formation of Plaster of Paris
Heating Gypsum at 100°C or 373°K.
CaSO4•2H2O (Gypsum) + 100°∆ → CaSO4•½H2O (Plaster of Paris/Calcium sulphate hemihydrate) + 1½H2O
