Acids And Bases Flashcards
Definition of an acid
An acid is a substance that contains hydrated H+ ions
, the higher the concentration of H+ ions
the stronger the axis
Definition of alkali
Soluble base
Or a substance that dissolves in water
to provide hydrated hydroxide ions
Red litmus in:
Acid?
Water?
And alkali?
Acid- stays red
Neutral- stays red
Alkali- changes to blue
Blue litmus in:
Acid?
Water?
And alkali?
Acid- changes red
Neutral- stays blue
Alkali- stays blue
Phenolphthalein in:
Acid?
Water?
And alkali?
Acid/neutral- stays colourless
In alkali- changes to pink
Strong acids/alkalis
Acids/alkali that are completely ionised in water
Weak acids/alkalis
Acids/alkalis that are partially ionised in water
An acid with higher concentration of hydrogen ions has…
A lower ph
Give an example of a strong acid
HCl- hydrochloric
H2SO4- sulphuric
HNO3- nitric
Acid+ alkali>…
Acid + alkali > salt + water
Acid + ammonia >…
Acid + ammonia > ammonium salt
What is the ionic equation in terms of the Hydrogen ions in acids and hydroxide ions in alkali?
H+(aq) + OH-(aq) > H2O(l)
Neutralisation reactions are ectothermic this mean…
Heat is given out
How to test for hydrogen
A lighted splint should pop if there is hydrogen is present
How to test for carbon dioxide
Fizz the gas through limewater (calcium hydroxide solution) which will turn milky in the test is positive
