Acids and Base (with Titration) Flashcards
Identify the solution.
a. pH is below 7
b. High H+ concentrations
c. Low OH- concentrations
Acidic solution
Identify the solution.
a. pH is 7
b. H+ and OH- concentrations match pure water
Neutral
Identify the solution.
a. pH is above 7
b. Low H+ concentrations
c. High OH- concentrations
Basic or alkaline
Identify if acid or base.
A compound that can lose H+.
Acid
Identify if acid or base.
Proton donors
Acid
Identify if acid or base.
Any compound that can bond (gain) to H+.
Base
Identify if acid or base.
Proton acceptors
Base
Identify if acid or base.
Contain at least one hydroxyl group.
Acid
What do you call the two substances that bear formulas that differ by one hydrogen ion?
Conjugate pair
How many conjugate pairs can be found in an acid-base reaction?
2
What do you call the substances that can either gain or lose hydrogen ions?
Amphiprotic
True or False.
Water is an amphiprotic molecule.
True.
What do you call the solution that resists a change in pH when acids and bases are added to them?
Buffer solution
What compounds form hydroxide ions when they dissolve in water?
Bases
What type of acid is only able to transfer one hydrogen ion to water?
Monoprotic acid
What volumetric analysis is often observed using chemical indicators in which substances react to completion?
Titration
What can show the amount of analyte present in a titration process?
Quantity of titrant that is required
In titration, what substance has no concentration or identity?
Analyte
In a titration, what substance has accurately known concentration or identity?
Titrant or Standard
In a titration, what substance produces distinct colors at certain pH?
Indicator
What type of titration determines the concentration of an acid or base?
Acid-Base Titration
What type of titration is based on complex formation?
Complexometric Titration
What type of titration is based on reactions that yield ionic compounds of limited solubility?
Precipitation titration
What type of titration determines the concentration of an unknown solution (analyte) that contains an oxidizing or reducing agent?
Redox Titration
What is the point in the titration shows the completion of the reaction?
Equivalence point
What do you call the point in the titration where visible changes in the indicator occur?
Endpoint
How do equivalence points happen?
It occurs when the quantity of added titrant is the exact amount necessary for the stoichiometric reaction.
True or False.
The endpoint is the ideal theoretical result we seek in titration.
False.
The equivalence point is the ideal result.
What is the most widely used acidic solution for titration?
Hydrochloric acids (HCL)
What is the most common basic solution used for titration?
Sodium hydroxide (NaOH)
Identify the theory.
“An acid is a proton donor and a base is a proton acceptor.”
Bronsted-Lowry Theory
What do you call the ion that bears both a positive and a negative ion?
Zwitterion
“The position of an equilibrium always shifts in such direction to relieve a stress that is applied to the system.”
Le Chatelier principle
What is the equation that is used to calculate the pH of the buffer solution?
Henderson-Hasselbach equation
