Acids and Alkalis Flashcards
What is a hazard?
Something that can cause harm
What is a risk?
the chance that a hazard will actually cause harm
Risks can be reduced by taking precautions. What are some examples of precautions?
Wearing eye protection to prevent chemicals splashing in your eyes
Tying long hair back to prevent it catching fire in a Bunsen flame
Examples of common substances at home that contain acids?
Citric acid, vinegar, fizzy drinks and car battery acid
What type of taste do acids have?
Sour
What does corrosive mean?
capable of destroying solid materials
If an acid is dilute what does it mean?
The acid contains a large amount of water, is less hazardous but may be irritant
List some examples of common substances at home that contain alkalis?
Toothpaste, drain cleaner, oven cleaner
What is an alkali?
An alkali can be described as a soluble base. A base is any substance, soluble or insoluble, that neutralises an acid forming a salt and water.
What does irritant mean?
substance that causes pain, itching, or discomfort
What do indicators do?
Indicators change colour and can be used to detect acids, alkalis and neutral situations
If it is an acid what colour does litmus become?
Red
If it is an alkali what colour does litmus become?
Blue
If it is neutral what colour does litmus become?
Purple
What is the pH scale?
A numbered scale from 1-14
