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chemistry term 1 > Acids And Alkalis > Flashcards

Acids And Alkalis Flashcards

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1
Q

What do acids release in aqueous solution?

A

H+ ions

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2
Q

What do alkalis release in aqueous solution?

A

OH- ions

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3
Q

What is an alkali?

A

A water soluble base

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4
Q

What is the formula for hydrochloric acid?

A

HCl

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5
Q

What is the formula for sulfuric acid?

A

H2SO4

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6
Q

What is the formula for nitric acid?

A

HNO3

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7
Q

What is the formula for Ethanoic acid?

A

CH3COOH

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8
Q

What are the 3 most common bases?

A

1) NaOH
2) KOH
3)NH3

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9
Q

What is the difference between a strong acid and a weak acid?

A

A strong acid fully dissociates in aqueous solution whereas a weak acid only partially dissociates in aqueous solution.

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10
Q

What is a neutralisation reaction?

A

The reaction of an acid with a base

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11
Q

What is the ionic equation for a neutralisation reaction?

A

H+ (aq) + OH- (aq) —> H2O (l)

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12
Q

What is the reaction of an acid and carbonate?

A

Acid + carbonate —> salt + water + CO2

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13
Q

What is the reaction between an acid and metal oxide?

A

Acid + metal oxide —> salt + water

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14
Q

What is a titration?

A

A practical method where a standard solution of known concentration is reacted with a solution of unknown concentration in order to determine the concentration of this solution

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15
Q

What is the method for preparing a standard solution?

A

1) weigh sample solid
2) transfer solid to beaker
3) add distilled water and stir with glass rod until dissolved
4) transfer to a volumetric flask with washing’s of equipment used
5) make up to 250cm3 mark with distilled water
6) shake the flask

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16
Q

What systematic errors occur in preparing the standard solution?

A

Errors on the balance
Lost substance in transfer
Overfilling the volumetric flask

17
Q

What is the 1st step of a titration?

A

Fill the curette with the standard solution of known concentration, ensuring the jet space in the burette is filled and doesn’t contain air bubbles

18
Q

What is the 2nd step of a titration?

A

Use the pipette filler to transfer 25cm3 of the solution with unknown concentration into a conical flask

19
Q

What is the 3rd step of a titration?

A

Add 2 or 3 drops of indicator to the conical flask

20
Q

What is the 4th step of a titration?

A

Record the initial burette reading

21
Q

What is the 5th step of a titration?

A

Titrate by adding the acid from the burette until the indicator undergoes a definite, permanent colour change

22
Q

What is the 6th step of a titration?

A

Record the final burette reading and calculate the titre volume

23
Q

what is the last step of a titration?

A

Repeat until at least two concordant results are obtained (within 0.1cm4 of each other)

24
Q

What is the equation for % uncertainty?

A

No. Times measured x absolute uncertainty/ value measured

25
Q

How can you reduce the % uncertainty of a titre?

A

Increase titre volume needed - increasing concentration/volume of conical flask substance or decreasing concentration of burette substance

chemistry term 1 (8 decks)

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