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310417-Nat 5 chemistry Unit 1 > Acids and alkali > Flashcards

Acids and alkali Flashcards

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1
Q

Formula Sodium Hydroxide

A

NaOH

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2
Q

Formula Magnesium Hydroxide

A

Mg(OH)2

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3
Q

What type of elements makes acid?

A

non-metals

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4
Q

Formula for hydrochloric acid

A

HCl

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5
Q

Formula Nitric acid

A

HNO3

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6
Q

Formula for sulfuric acid

A

H2SO4

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7
Q

Formula for Lithium Oxide

A

Li2O

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8
Q

Is Calcium oxide an acid, base or alkali?

A

alkali

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9
Q

what is the difference between an alkali and a base?

A

An alkali is a soluble base. (all alkali are bases but not all bases are alkali)

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10
Q

What soluble mean?

A

It can dissolve in water

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11
Q

What page in the databook can I find if a substance is soluble in water or not?

A

page 8

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12
Q

What would be the pH of water if we added carbon dioxide

A

acidic

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13
Q

What would be the pH of water if we added Silicon dioxide

A

neutral (silicon dioxide doesn’t dissolve in water)

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14
Q

What would be the pH of water if we added Copper(II) oxide?

A

neutral, copper (II) oxide is insoluble in water.

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15
Q

What would be the pH of water if we added phosporous oxide

A

acidic

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16
Q

What would be the pH of water if we added potassium oxide

A

alkali

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17
Q

What is a solute?

A

a solid (eg. SALT)

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18
Q

What is a solvent ?

A

A liquid (eg: Water)

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19
Q

What is a solution?

A

When a solute disolve in a solvent (eg: sea water)

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20
Q

What does saturated mean?

A

Too much solute / when the solute stop dissolving in the solution

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21
Q

What is a precipitate

A

A soluble substance appears in solution

22
Q

What is the pH of acids?

A

Less than 7

23
Q

What is the pH of water/ neutral solution?

A

pH of exactly 7

24
Q

What is the pH of a base/ alkali?

A

pH more than 7

25
Q

What is the pH scale a measure of?

A

The concentration of hydrogen ions (H+) in any given solution

26
Q

How can the pH be measured?

A

pH meter
pH indicator
pH paper

27
Q

What is the name of OH-

A

Hydroxide ions

28
Q

What is the name for H+

A

Hydrogen ions

29
Q

In pure water what is the concentration of H+ and OH- ions?

A

Hydrogen ions = hydroxide ions

30
Q

What ion does all acids contain?

A

H+ / Hydrogen ions

31
Q

Why do acidic and alkaline solutions conduct electricity well?

A

They contain oppositely charged ions that are free to move in solution and can carry charge

32
Q

What is the proportion of hydroxide and hydrogen ions in alkaline solution ?

A

More OH- than H+

33
Q

What happens to the pH and the concentration of an acid when you dilute it?

A

The pH goes up and concentration of the acid goes down

34
Q

What happens to the pH and the concentration of an alkali when you dilute it?

A

The pH goes down and concentration of the alkali goes down

35
Q

If a metal oxide is soluble in water what does it produce ?

A

An alkali

36
Q

If a non metal oxide is soluble in water what does it produce

A

An acid

37
Q

What does acids contain?

A

Charged particles called hydrogen ions

38
Q

what is the difference between a base and an alkali

A

A base is a substance that neutralises an acid
A base that is soluble in an alkali
All alkalis are bases but not all bases are alkalis

39
Q

What is a spectator ion?

A

It’s an ion that exists in the same form on both the reactant and product sides of a chemical reaction

40
Q

what is titration?

A

an experimental method to determine the concentration of an unknown solution.

41
Q

How to recognise hydrogen? (test for hydrogen?)

A

Burns with a pop

42
Q

How to recognise oxygen? (test for oxygen)

A

Relights a glowing splint

43
Q

How to recognise carbon dioxide? (test for carbon dioxide)

A

Turns lime water cloudy

44
Q

What is the name of a metal oxide that do not dissolve in water but is capable of neutralising an acid?

A

a base

45
Q

What are the products of this reaction: Hydrochloric acid + potassium carbonate?

A

potassium chloride + water + carbon dioxide

46
Q

What are the products for this reaction:

Sulfuric acid + Lithium oxide? (write the chemical formula for the salt produced)

A

Lithium sulfate + water

Salt: Lithium Sulfate, formula: Li2SO4

47
Q

What is the formula for Sodium carbonate?

A

Na2CO3

48
Q

Formula for Sodium hydroxide (Alkali)

A

NaOH

49
Q

Write the chemical equation for the neutralisation reaction between Magnesium oxide and Nitric acid

A

MgO + HNO3 –> Mg(NO3)2 + H2O

50
Q

H2SO4 + 2NaOH

If 20ml of acid of concentration 0.2 mol/l were used to neutralised 25ml sodium hydroxide, what is the concentration of sodium hydroxide?

A

H2SO4 + 2NaOH

n=0.004 n=0.008
C=0.2 V=0.025
V=0.02 C= 0.32

Concentration of NaOH=0.32mol/l

310417-Nat 5 chemistry Unit 1 (1 decks)

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