Acids And Alkali Flashcards
Name 2 examples of an acid
Hydrochloric acid and nitric acid
Name 2 examples of an alkali
Toothpaste and soap
What is neutralisation?
Where you add an acid to a base to make salt and water.
Give an example of an equation of neutralisation.
Hydrochloric acid + barium - barium chloride
Sulphuric acid + lithium - lithium sulphate
Nitric acid + sodium - sodium nitrate
What happens to the PH of an acid / alkali when it is neutralised?
The PH goes to 7
What is a concentrate?
Large amount of acid in comparison to water
What is a dilute?
A large amount of water in comparison to acid
What is the salt to this equation?
Hydrochloric acid + lithium
Lithium chloride
What is the salt to this equation?
Nitric acid + sodium
Sodium nitrate
What ions are present in an acid?
Hydrogen ions
What ions are present in an alkali?
Hydroxide ion
What is a substance with a PH of less that 7?
An acid
What is a substance with a PH of 7?
Neutral
What is a substance with a PH of more that 7 ?
An alkali
What colours are 1 - 3 on the PH scale?
Red
What colour are 4 - 5 on the PH scale?
Orange
What colour is 6 on the PH scale?
Yellow
What colour is 7 - 10 on the PH scale?
Green
What colour is 11 - 12 on the PH scale?
Blue
What colour is 13 - 14 on the PH scale?
Purple
What Is 1 - 3 on the PH scale?
A strong acid
What is 4 - 6 on the PH scale?
A weak acid
What is 7 on the PH scale?
Neutral
What is 8 - 10 on the PH scale?
Weak alkali
What is 11 - 14 on the PH scale?
Strong alkali
What are the 2 rules for naming salts?
1) The first part comes from the base (e.g lithium)
2) The second part comes from the acid (e.g nitric acid)
What salt is formed from Hydrochloric acid?
Chlorine
What salt forms from nitric acid ?
Nitrate
What salt forms from sulphuric acid ?
Sulfate
Acid + metal =
Salt + hydrogen
Acid + metal oxide =
Salt + water + carbon dioxide
Acid + alkali =
Salt + water
