Acids, alkenes, and titrations

Question 1

litmus, colour in acidic solution

Answer 1

red

Question 2

methyl orange, colour in acidic solution

Answer 2

red

Question 3

phenolphthalein, colour in acidic solution

Answer 3

colourless

Question 4

litmus, colour in alkaline solution

Answer 4

blue

Question 5

methyl orange, colour in alkaline solution

Answer 5

yellow

Question 6

phenolphthalein, colour in alkaline solution

Answer 6

pink

Question 7

what is a pH scale?

Answer 7

The pH scale ranges from 0 to 14, and tells you how acidic or how alkaline a solution is.

Question 8

what is the use of a pH indicator?

Answer 8

the use of a universal indicator is to measure pH of an aqueous solution.

Question 9

how to use an universal indicator?

Answer 9

a few drops of this indicator solution should be added to the Aqueous Solution and colour change is observed and matched to specific colour on pH scale (to identify pH)

Question 10

what is an acid a source of?

Answer 10

it is a source of hydrogen ions (H+)

Question 11

what is an alkali a source of?

Answer 11

it is a source of hydroxide ions (OH-)

Question 12

what is one of the ways an acid can be neutralised? how?

Answer 12

by bases (alkalis). bases neutralise acids by combining hydrogen in them.

Question 13

what is an example of bases neutralising acids

Answer 13

key reaction:
acid + base -> salt + water

example of this:
sulfuric acid + copper oxide -> copper sulfate + water

H2SO4 + CuO -> CuSO4 + H2O

Question 14

is sodium (Na+), potassium (K+), and ammonium (NH4+) soluble?

Answer 14

yes

Question 15

are nitrates (NO3-) soluble?

Answer 15

yes

Question 16

are chlorides (CI-) soluble?

Answer 16

yes, but there are some exceptions: silver chloride (AgCI) and lead (II) chloride (PbCI2)

Question 17

are sulfates (SO42-) soluble?

Answer 17

yes, but with the exception of barium sulfate (BaSO4), calcium sulfate (CaSO4) and lead (II) sulfate (PbSO4)

Question 18

are carbonates (CO32-) soluble

Answer 18

no, with exceptions of sodium carbonate (Na2CO3), potassium carbonate (K2CO3) and ammonium carbonate ((NH4)2CO3)

Question 19

are hydroxides (OH-) soluble?

Answer 19

no, with the exceptions of sodium hydroxide (NaOH), potassium hydroxide (KOH) and calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2) (calcium hydroxide is slightly soluble)

Question 20

how is an acid related to protons?

Answer 20

An acid is a proton (H⁺) donor.

Question 21

how is a base related to protons?

Answer 21

A base is a proton (H⁺) acceptor.

Question 22

what is a proton?

Answer 22

A proton is the same as a hydrogen ion.

Question 23

what is the Acids and Metals MASH formula

Answer 23

metal + acid -> salt + hydrogen

Question 24

what is the Acids and Carbonates CAWCS formula?

Answer 24

carbonate + acid → water + carbon dioxide + salt

Question 25

what is the Acids and Metal oxides MAWS formula?

Answer 25

metal oxide + acid -> water + salt

Question 26

what is the Acids and Metal hydroxide MHAWS formula?

Answer 26

metal hydroxide + acid -> water + salt