Acids & Alkalis Flashcards
Corosive
Cause damage to living tissue and some materials, effects can be permanent.
Irritant
Cause skin and tissues to become sore, effects are usually temporary.
flamable
Catches fire easily
Toxic
Harmful to health.
Acids descirbe a….
group of substances that have the same chemical reaction.
Acids taste
Sour
They are …… substances
Corrosive
Household acids
Vinegar
Lemon juice
3 most common laboratory acids
Hydrochloric acids
Sulfric acids
Nitric acids
Alkalis are
another group of chemicals.
Common laboratory alkali
Sodium hydroxide
Household alkalis
Bleach
Toothpaste
Oven cleaner
Ammonia
Indicators can be
A paper or solution
colour of methyln orange in acid
red
colour of methyl orange in alkali
yellow
colour of bromothymol in acid
Yellow
colour of bromothymol in alkali
blue
colour of litmus in acid
red
colour of litmus in alkali
blue
colour of phenolphalein
colourless
colour of phenolphthalein in alkali
pink
Acids & alkalis can be classified as
weak or strong
pH scale uses numbers from
1-14
Strong acid
pH 1-3
Weak acids
pH 4-6
Neutral
pH 7
Weak alkali
pH 8-10
Strong alkali
pH 11-14
Neutralization
a chemical reaction caused by mixing an acid and an alkali.
Chemical equation for neutralization
Acid+alkali -> a salt+water
everyday examples of neutralization
1) toothpaste neutralizes acid in the mouth.
2) alkali neutralizes bee stings.
3) vinegar neutralizes jellyfish stings.
4) hair conditioner neutralizes the acid in the shampoo.
5) indigestion tablets neutralise the acid in your stomach.
Dilution
To add more water to an acid or an alkali
pH of an acid
Move todward 7 or increase
pH of an alkali
move todward 7 or decrease
Acids and Alkalis are
opposite
