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Chemistry > Acids > Flashcards

Acids Flashcards

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1
Q

What do alkalis have a greater ph than?

A

7

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2
Q

What do acids have a lower ph than?

A

7

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3
Q

What does a neutral solution have a ph of?

A

7

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4
Q

What colour is litmus in alkaline solutions?

A

Blue

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5
Q

What colour is litmus in an acidic solution?

A

Red

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6
Q

What colour is methyl orange in an alkaline solution?

A

Yellow

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7
Q

What colour is methyl orange in acidic solutions?

A

-red

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8
Q

What colour is phenolphthalein in alkaline solutions?

A

Pink

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9
Q

What colour are phenolphthalein in acidic solution?

A

Colourless

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10
Q

When are polyatomic ions formed?

A

When small groups of ions, held together by covalent bonds, lose or gain electrons

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11
Q

What do acids produce excess of when dissolved in water?

A

Hydrogen ions

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12
Q

What do alkalis produce excess of when they dissolve in water?

A

Excess hydroxide ions

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13
Q

What is a concentrated solution?

A

A solution that contains a lot of dissolved solute per unit volume

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14
Q

What is a dilute solution?

A

A solution that contains a small amount of solute per unit volume

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15
Q

How do you work out concentration?

A

Concentration =amount dissolved/volume of solution

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16
Q

What are bases?

A

Substances that neutralise acids to form a salt and water only

17
Q

What are all metal oxides?

A

Bases

18
Q

How are the salts produced in a neutralising reaction?

A

By replacing hydrogen ions with metal ions

19
Q

What is a soluble base?

A

An alkali

20
Q

Give some examples of soluble bases

A
  • sodium hydroxide (NaOH)

- calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2

21
Q

What happens to the temperature of the reaction mixture during a neutralisation reaction?

A

It increases

22
Q

What is effervescence?

A

The formation of gas bubbles in a liquid due to a chemical reaction occurring

23
Q

What do acids and metal carbonates form when reacted together?

A

Salt, water and carbon dioxide

24
Q

What is a precipitation reaction?

A

A reaction in which soluble substances in solutions cause an insoluble precipitate to form.

Chemistry (8 decks)

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