Acids Flashcards
What measurement do we use to see how acidic or alkaline a substance is?
pH scale
What is the pH of an acid?
pH 1-6
What is the pH of an alkali?
pH 8-14
What name is given to a substance that changes colour depending on how acid or alkaline a substance is?
Indicator
Name 3 indicators
Any 3: universal indicator, litmus, methyl orange, phenolphthalein
How do you describe a substance with pH7?
Neutral
Name three acids
Any 3: Hydrochloric, nitric, sulphuric, ethanoic
Name an alkali
Sodium hydroxide
Name two neutral substances
Water, salty water
Why are concentrated acids and alkalis hazardous?
They are corrosive
Why are dilute acids and alkalis hazardous?
They are irritants
What safety precautions should you make when using acids and alkalis
Wear goggles, wear gloves
When acids dissolve in water, what ions do they release?
Hydrogen ions, H+
When alkalis dissolve in water, what ions do they release?
Hydroxide ions, OH-
What is a base?
A substance that reacts with an acid in a neutralisation reaction