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chem > acids > Flashcards

acids Flashcards

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1
Q

def of acid

A

a substance that produces hydrogen ions when dissolved in water

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2
Q 
chemical formula for:
sulfuric acid
nitric acid
sulfurous
hydrochloric acid
phosphoric acid
carbonic
ethanoic
A 
H2SO4
HNO3
H2SO3
HCL
H3PO4
H2CO3
CH3COOH
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3
Q

all acids have_____

A

h+ ions

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4
Q

acids turn ___ ____ litmus paper ___

A

damp; blue; red

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5
Q

metals that usually do not react with dilute acids

A

copper silver gold platinum

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6
Q

dilute HNO3 reacts with copper to form

A

nitrate salt + nitrogen oxide + water

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7
Q

proof of ionization

A

acid soln able to conduct electricity

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8
Q

acid + metal oxide (base)

A

salt + water

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9
Q

acid + metal

A

salt + hydrogen gas

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10
Q

acid + metal hydroxide

A

salt + water

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11
Q

acid + metal carbonate/ hydrogen carbonate

A

salt + h2o + co2

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12
Q

metal ion or ammonium ion replaces hydrogen ion in acid to form ___

A

salt

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13
Q

lead + dilute hcl/ dilute h2so4-> appears not to react. why?

A

1) a layer of lead (II) chloride or lead (II) sulfate is formed from the initial reaction
2) this layer is insoluble and quickly forms a coating around the metal
3) this coating protects the metal from further attack by the acid and stops the reaction

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14
Q

why do acids have acidic properties only when dissolved in water

A

when dissolved in water the acid molecules ionizes into hydrogen and [ ] ions

not in water, acid exists as small covalent molecules

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15
Q

basicity of acid

A

the max no of hydrogen ions produced by a molecule of acid in water

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16
Q

strength of acid:

A

extent of ionization

17
Q

concentration:

A

amt of solute dissolved in a unit volume of soln

18
Q

→ (single arrow)

A

strong acid is on that completely ionises in water to give H+ ions-complete ionization

19
Q

→←(double arrow)

A

weak acid is one that partially ionises in water to give h+ ions - incomplete ionization

20
Q

monobasic :

A

when one acid molecule produces one hydrogen ion when dissolved in water (e.g HCL/ HNO3)

chem (4 decks)

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