Acid-controlling Drugs

Question 1

H2 Receptor Agonists (Histamine) function

Answer 1

Reduce acid secretion

Question 2

Histamine 2 receptor antagonist drug names

Answer 2

Cimetidine, Nizatidine, Famotidine, Ranitidine

Question 3

H2 Receptor antagonist adverse effects

Answer 3

Very few. In elderly can cause disorientation and confusion. Take 1-2 hours before antacids, may impact GI environment for absorption

Question 4

Proton Pump inhibitors function

Answer 4

Block gastric acid secretion

Question 5

Proton pump inhibitor drugs

Answer 5

Lansoprazole, Omeprazole, Rabeprazole, Pantoprazole, Esomeprazole

Question 6

PPIs effects

Answer 6

Generally well tolerated. Osteoporosis, pneumonia, link between PPIs and dementia. Take 1-2 hours AFTER antacids

Question 7

Sucralfate function

Answer 7

Mucosal protectant, acts locally not systemically. Used for stress ulcers. Performs protective barrier over ulcer and protects from pepsin

Question 8

Adsorbent function

Answer 8

Coats the walls of the GI tract and binds the toxin for elimination through the stool

Question 9

Adsorbent drug name

Answer 9

Bismuth subsalicylate

Question 10

Anticholinergics function

Answer 10

Works on the smooth muscle of the GI tract to inhibit motility and decrease gastric acid secretion

Question 11

Anticholinergic drug name

Answer 11

Hyoscyamine, atropine

Question 12

Opiate-like drug

Answer 12

LOPERAMIDE

Question 13

Adsorbent considerations

Answer 13

Do not give to children or teens with chickenpox or influenza. Use carefully in elderly, decreases absorption. BLACK TONGUE

Question 14

Anticholinergic considerations

Answer 14

Contraindicated in patients with narrow angle glaucoma, GI obstruction, graves disease. Causes anticholinergic effects

Question 15

Opiate like drugs consideration

Answer 15

Can cause CNS depression. BLACK BOX WARNING abnormal heart rhythm

Question 16

Probiotics considerations

Answer 16

Safe for use in children. Help replenish normal bacterial flora in GI tract. May cause gas and bloating

Question 17

Stool softeners function

Answer 17

Facilitates movement of water and fats into stool. Usually produces bowel movement in 12 to 72 hours. Can cause abdominal cramping

Question 18

Stool softener drug name

Answer 18

Docusate sodium (colace)

Question 19

Osmotic agents function

Answer 19

Causes water to be retained with the stool, increases number of bowel movements and softening the stool. MIX in 4-8 OZ of beverage and drink.

Question 20

Osmotic agent drugs

Answer 20

Polyethylene glycol or PEG. Milk of magnesia, lactulose

Question 21

Lubricant function

Answer 21

Coats stool to help seal in water. Generally produces bowel movement in 2 to 15 minutes.

Question 22

Lubricant drug name

Answer 22

Mineral oil (fleet enema)

Question 23

Stimulant function

Answer 23

Cause the intestines to contract, inducing stool to move through the colon

Question 24

Stimulant drug name

Answer 24

Bisacodyl, senna