Acid Bases And Salts Flashcards
What are acids ?
Acids are substances that have sour taste, they turn litmus paper red and have a pH below 7.0
The word acid comes from Latin word acere which means sour.
Why do curd , lemon juice and vinegar taste sour?
These substance taste sour because they contain acid
What are bases?
Substances thatare bitter in taste and feel soapy on touching are known as bases. They change the color of the litmus to blue and have pH greater than 7.00
What are indicators ?
They are special type of substance s that are used to test whether substances is acidic or basic.
Indicator change their colours when added to solution containing an acidic or or a basic substance
Give examples of naturally occurring indicators.
Turmeric , litmus, and china rose petals.
What is Litmus?
Most commonly used natural indicator is litmus.
It is extracted from lichens.
It has mauve colour in distilled water.
When added to acidic solution it turns red.
When added to basic solution it turns blue.
It is available in form of strips or solution.
It is available as red and blue litmus paper.
Name of the acid found in vinegar?
Acetic acid
Name of the acid found in ant’s sting?
Formic acid
Name of the acid found in virus fruits like lime and orange?
Citric acid.
Acid found in Curd ?
Lactic acid
Name of the acid found in Spinach?
Oxalic acid
Name of acid in Amla?
Ascorbic acid (Vitamin C)
Name of the acid in tamarind, grapes and unripe mango
Tartaric acid
Calcium hydroxide is found in
Lime water
Ammonium hydroxide is found in
Window cleaner
Sodium hydroxide is found in
Soap
Potassium hydroxide is found in
Soap
Magnesium hydroxide is found in
Milk of magnesia
What are neutral solution?
They are neither acidic nor basic in nature. They do not change the colour of either red or blue litmus paper.
Why does turmeric stain on clothes turn red when it is washed with soap?
Turmeric is natural indicator which turns red when in comes in contact with soap which is basic in nature.
To which colour will China rose indicator turn when it is put in acidic solution ?
Dark pink (Magenta)
To which color china rose indicator turn when it is mixed with basic solutions?
Green
When you sprinkle dry baking soda powder on litmus paperthen it’s colour will not change. Why?
Make a solution of baking soda. It will react.
What is acid rain?
Carbon dioxide , sulphur dioxide and nitrogen dioxide present in the air due to pollution dissolve in rain drops to form carbonic acid , sulphuric acid and nitric acid.
Acid rain can cause damage to buildings , historical monuments , plants and animals .
What is salt?
When acid and base solution are mixed together they form salts.
They may be acidic, basic or neutral in characteristics
What is neutralisation?
The reaction between an acid and base is known as neutralisation. It produces salt water and heat.
What is phenolphthalein?
It is an indicator.
When the solution is basic it gives pink color.
When the solution is acidic it remains colourless.
Name of the acid found in human stomach.?
Hydrochloric acid.
What causes indigestion?
Too much acid in stomach causes indigestion.
To relieve indigestion we take an antacid such as milk of magnesia. It contains magnesium hydroxide . It neutralises the effect of excessive acid.
What happens during ant bites?
When an ant bites it injects formic acid.
Effect can be neutralised by rubbing moist baking soda (sodium hydrogen carbonate) or calamine solution which contains zinc carbonate.
What is the content of milk of magnesia?
Magnesium hydroxide
What is the content of baking soda?
Sodium hydrogen carbonate.
What is content of calamine solution?
Zinc carbonate
Why is soil treatment required. And how is it done?
Use of chemical fertilizers makes the soil acidic
Plants do not grow well when the soil is either too acidic or too basic.
When the soil is too acidic it is treated with bases like quick lime (calcium oxide) or slaked lime (calcium hydroxide).
If the soil is basic organic matter is added to it. Organic matter releases acids which neutralises the basic nature of the soil
What is content of quick lime?
Calcium oxide
What is content if slaked lime?
Calcium hydroxide
Why is it necessary to treat factory waste?
Many factory waste contains acid.
Acid can kill fish and other organisms if they are allowed to flow in water bodies.
Therefore they are neutralised by adding basic substances.
Ammonia is found in many household products , such as window cleaner . It turns red litmus blue. What is it’s nature?
Basic
Name the source from where litmus is Obtained?
Lichens.
Is distill water acidic/basic/ neutral? How will you verify it?
Neutral.
Through litmus paper.
Nitric acid turn red litmus blue. True or false?
False
Sodium hydroxide turns blue litmus red. True or false
False
Sodium hydroxide and hydrochloric acid neutralises each other and forms salt and water. True or false.
True
Indicator is a substance that shows different colors in acidic and basic solution. True or false ?
True
Tooth decay is caused by the presence of a base. True or false?
False.
Explain why antacid tablet is taken when you suffer from acidity.
It neutralizes excessive acid in your stomach.
Antacid has milk of magnesia which contains magnesium hydroxide
Explain why calamine solution is applied when an ant bites
Ant releases formic acid.
To neutralise its effect calamine solution that has basic substance zinc carbonate is used
Blue litmus paper is dipped in a solution . It remains blue. What is the nature of the solution? Explain.
The above solution could be a base or neutral solution because blue litmus paper does not change colour in the neutral as well as in the basic solution.
Three liquids are given to you . One is hydrochloric acid , another is sodium hydroxide, and third is a sugar solution . How will you identify them? You have only turmeric indicator.
Turmeric will turn red in sodium hydroxide.
Add sodium hydroxide in the remaining two solution.
When it will be mixed with Hydrochloric acid its temperature will increase.
Both acid abd base change colour of all indicator. True or False
False
If an indicator gives a colour change with an acid , it does not give a change with a base. True or False?
False
If an indicator changes colour with base , it does not change colour with an acid. True or False?
False
Change of colour in acid and a base depends on the type of the indicator. True or False
True
What will be the colour of red cabbage juice in acidic solution ?
Green
What will be the colour of red cabbage juice in basic solution ?
Red
What will be the colour of red cabbage juice in neutral solution?
Purple
What is the name of the acid present in humjan cell
DNA - Deoxyribonucleic acid
What is the name of the acid found in the proteins that build part of our cells?
Amino Acid
What is the name of the acid found in the our body fat?
Fatty acids
