Acid&Bases Flashcards
What are H+ ions responsible for?
H+ ions in aqueous solution are responsible for acidic properties.
How do acids behave?
Acids only behave as acids when ionized in water. Acid molecules dissociate to form H+ ions.
What happens to hydrochloride gas when they are dissolved in organic solvents?
Hydrogen chloride gas exists as molecules and the H+ ions will not dissociate and thus the solution is not reactive.
State two properties of acids.
They have a sour taste and turns damp blue litmus red.
Is dry hydrochloride gas acidic?
No. It exists as a vapor, and the HCl molecule is not ionized to give out H+ ions which are responsible for the acidic properties.
How do we make HCl gas acidic and why?
Dissolve it in water as the aqueous solution of HCl contains H+ ions.
What is the difference between strong and weak acids?
Strong acids dissociate completely in water to produce high concentration of h+ ions, while weak acids dissociates partially in water to produce low concentration of H+ ions.
Define bases.
A base is a metal oxide or hydroxide that reacts with an acid to produce salt and water only. They are usually insoluble in water.
What happens when a bad is able to dissolve in water?
It will form an alkali.
Define alkali.
An alkali is a soluble base.
State the 6 properties of alkalis.
1) turns damp red litmus blue.
2) soapy feel
3) they have a bitter taste.
4) corrosive
5) conduct electricity.
6) neutralization reaction (react with acid to produce salt and water)
What is produced when a base reacts with acid?
Salt and water.
What is produced when a base reacts with ammonium salts?
Salt, water, ammonia gas
define pH.
Measure how alkaline or acidic an aqueous solution is and normally ranges from 0-14.
How is a pH of a solution determined?
Universal indicator or pH meter.
