acid-base physiology

Question 1

formula for pH

Question 2

what is the pH of blood

Question 3

alkalosis vs acidosis

Question 4

why is it important to maintain pH

Question 5

non-volatile vs volatile acids

Question 6

products of plant vs meat based diet

Question 7

what happens to acid + base conc. when vomiting vs diarrhoea

Question 8

3 things that act as defence against change in pH

Question 9

what is buffer

Question 10

what us the henderson hasselbalch equation

Question 11

what are the buffer systems in the ICF + ECF

Question 12

what is the formation of bicarbonate proportional too

Question 13

what is the most powerful buffer system in the body + what is it regulated by

Question 14

explain the respiratory system

Question 15

how can impairment in the respiratory system lead to alkalosis or acidosis

Question 16

normal pH of urine

Question 17

where is bicarbonate absorbed in kidneys + where is urine pH determined

Question 18

explain the 2 types of intercalated cells and if they lead to acidosis or alkalosis

Question 19

explain phosphate buffer system

Question 20

explain the ammonia buffer system

Question 21

what is the 3rd line of defence

Question 22

simple vs mixed acid base disorders define

Question 23

define respiratory vs metabolic disorders

Question 24

what values of CO2 indicate respiratory acidosis/alkalosis

Question 25

what values of HCO3- indicate metabolic acidosis/alkalosis

Question 26

symptoms of acidosis vs alkalosis

Question 27

explain primary vs compensatory mechanisms

Question 28

explain respiratory compensation + response to decrease + increase in pH

Question 29

explain renal compensation, + how compensates for acidosis + alkalosis

Question 30

how to answer pH disturbance questions

Question 31

draw summary graph