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Chemistry 12 > Acid-base equilibria > Flashcards

Acid-base equilibria Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the Bronsted-Lowry acid

give an example

A

A proton donor

HCl because it donates a proton to H2O

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2
Q

Give an example of a Bronsted-Lowry acid:

a) monobasic
b) Dibasic
c) Tribasic

A

a) HCl
b) H2SO4
c) H3PO4

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3
Q

Why are acids put in categories such as monobasic

A

depends on how many protons they can donate

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4
Q

What is a Bronsted-Lowry base

Give an example

A

Proton acceptor

NH3 because it accepts a proton from H20

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5
Q

Give an example of a Bronsted-Lowry base:

a) Monobasic
b) Dibasic
c) Tribasic

A

a) NH3
b) CO3 2-
c) PO4 3-

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6
Q

When is a conjugate base of acid formed

A

When an acid donates a proton

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7
Q

When is conjugate acid of a base formed

A

When a base accepts a proton

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8
Q

What is an Amphoteric substance

Give an example

A

Can act both as an acid and as a base

Water

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9
Q

What is a strong acid

give an example

A

Fully dissociates in solution

HCl

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10
Q

What do you assume when you calculate the pH of a strong acid

A

.For a monobasic acid [H+] = acid

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11
Q

What is a weak acid

Give an example

A

Only partially dissociated in solution

Ethanoic acid

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12
Q

What do you need to take into account when calculating the pH of a weak acid

A

The acid dissociation constant, Ka

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13
Q

What is an acid dissociation constant

A

Ka

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14
Q

What happens the lower the Ka value

A

The weaker the acid

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15
Q

What is the ionic product of water

A

Kw

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16
Q

What is a buffer solution

A

It minimises the changes in pH when small amounts of acid or base are added to it

17
Q

What is the pH of an acid buffer solution

A

pH < 7

18
Q

How are acid buffers made

A

By mixing a weak acid with a salt of its conjugate base

19
Q

What is the pH of a basic buffer solution

A

pH > 7

20
Q

How are basic buffers made

A

By mixing a weak base with a salt of its conjugate acid

Chemistry 12 (1 decks)

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