Acid-Base Balance Flashcards
(49 cards)
What is the normal body pH?
7.35-7.45
What is acid?
release hydrogen ions
What is base?
accept hydrogen ions
What is a buffer system?
function to convert strong acids or bases into weak acids or bases
-bicarbonate
-phosphate
-protein
What is the value of acidosis?
pH below 7.35
What is the value of alkalosis?
pH above 7.45
What is hydrostatic pressure?
the pressure within a blood vessel that tends to push water out of the vessel
-arterial side of capillary bed
What is osmotic pressure?
the external pressure that must be applied to stop osmosis
-venous side of capillary bed
HIGH Hydrogen ion concentration = ?
Acidosis (low pH)
LOW hydrogen ion concentration = ?
Alkalosis (high pH)
What is PaCO2?
partial pressure of carbon dioxide in arterial blood
35-45 mmHg
What is PaO2?
partial pressure of oxygen in arterial blood
80-100 mmHg
PaCO2 < 35 mmHg = ?
hypocapnia
PaCO2 > 45 mmHg = ?
hypercapnia
What is HCO3?
Bicarbonate concentration in plasma
22-26 mEq/L
What is BE?
bases excess; a measure of buffering capacity
-3 to +3
What do Metabolic disorders do?
affect the blood acidity by causing changes in the HCO3-(bicarb)
What do Respiratory disorders do?
affect the blood acidity by causing changes in the PaCO2(carbonic acid)
What is ROME?
Respiratory - Opposite
Metabolic - Equal
What does respiratory alkalosis look like?
high pH(>7.45); low PaCO2(<35)
What does respiratory acidosis look like?
low pH(<7.35); high PaCO2(>45)
What does metabolic acidosis look like?
low pH (<7.35); low HCO3 (<22)
What does metabolic alkalosis look like?
high pH (>7.45); high HCO3 (>26)
Risk factors of metabolic acidosis include…
-type 1 diabetes
-acute/chronic renal failure
-GI alterations
