Acid-Base balance

Question 1

List important sources of acids in the body.

Answer 1

• metabolism
  -respiratory system
  -diet
  -lactic Acid

note : The balance between acids and bases is critical for properly functioning enzymes, cellular activities, and overall physiological processes. If the balance is disrupted, it can lead to conditions such as acidosis or alkalosis, which can have serious health implications.

Question 2

• List the three major chemical buffer systems of the body and describe how they resist pH
  changes.

Answer 2

Chemical buffer: a system of one or more compounds that
act to resist pH changes when a strong acid or base is added
Buffers occur in the ICF and ECF
Bicarbonate buffer system
Phosphate buffer system
Protein buffer system

Question 3

Describe the influence of the respiratory system on acid-base balance.

Answer 3

The influence of the respiratory system on acid-base balance

In summary, the respiratory system’s regulation of carbon dioxide levels and the elimination of excess carbonic acid are crucial for maintaining the acid-base balance in the body. This dynamic interplay between the respiratory and renal systems helps to ensure the stability of pH, which is essential for proper cellular function and overall physiological health.

Question 4

• Describe how the kidneys regulate hydrogen and bicarbonate ion concentrations in the
  blood.

Question 5

• Describe the causes and consequences of acid-base abnormalities (respiratory and renal
  acidosis/alkalosis)