Acid Base Balance Flashcards
What percent water are adults, infants and elderly
60, 74 and 45
What are nonelectrolytes
organic molecules like glucose lipid and urea that are not charged
ICF has more what ions
K+ and A-
ECF has more what ions
Na+ and Cl-
What pressures control the movement of fluids between compartments
osmotic and hydrostatic
ECF increase osmolarity causes water to go
out of cell
ECF decrease osmolarity causes water to go
into the cell
What is blood osmolarity
concentration of chemical particles in fluid part of blood
What does an increase in plasma osmolarity causes
water to move out of cell
What is obligatory water loss
occur at a constant irrespective of body state of hydration
What is hyponatremia
low sodium causing decreased urine production and increased aldosterone
What can reverse hypotonic hydration
hypertonic saline or mannitol infusion
What is edema
fluid build up in tissues
What are some types of edema
peripheral, pulmonary, cerebral, and macular
How does ECF concentration remain consistent
water volume may need to change
What does aldosterone do to Na and K
increase Na and K
What does no aldosterone cause
lose too much Na
What is Addison’s disease
adrenal glands do not produce enough cortisol and aldosterone
What is ANP
atrial natriuretic peptide
What does ANP do
dilate afferent arterioles and constrict efferent, increases GFR
How do estrogen and progesterone effect regulation of sodium
increase resorption
Why do glucocorticoids promote edema
stimulates Na resorption
What does aldosterone do to the DCT
causes the reabsorption of sodium and secretion of potassium
Increased plasma potassium concentration do
stimulates secretion of aldosterone
