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Critically Ill Exam 1 > Acid Base > Flashcards

Acid Base Flashcards

1
Q

What is HCO3 regulated by?

A

The kidneys

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2
Q

What is CO2 regulated by?

A

The lungs

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3
Q

What is the normal pH range?

A

7.35-7.45

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4
Q

What is the range for PaCO2?

A

35-45 mmHg

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5
Q

What is the range for HCO3?

A

24-30 mEq/L

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6
Q

What does respiratory acidosis cause an increase in?

A

Increased arterial CO2

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7
Q

If the compensation of CO2 is present for prolonged periods what also increases?

A

Serum bicarbonate

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8
Q

What does metabolic alkalosis result from?

A

Increase in Serum bicarbonate

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9
Q

What is the normal anion gap?

A

12

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10
Q

What does anion gap matter for?

A

Metabolic acidosis

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11
Q

If the anion gap is “elevated” what is the range?

A

> /= 16

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12
Q

What acronym is used if the AG is >/= 16?

A

MUDPILES

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13
Q

What does MUDPILES stand for?

A

M- methanol
U- uremia
D- DKA
P- paraldehyde
I- iron or isoniazid
L- lactic acidosis
E- ethylene glycol
S- salicylates

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14
Q

If the AG is < 16 what acronym is used?

A

USEDCAR

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15
Q

What does USEDCAR stand for?

A

U- ureteral diversion
S- saline
E- endocrine
D- diarrhea
C- carbonic anhydrate inhibitors
A- adrenal insufficiency
R- renal tubular acidosis

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16
Q

When can you use sodium bicarbonate?

A

Metabolic acidosis

17
Q

How is sodium bicarbonate dosed?

A

By ample (50 mEq)

18
Q

True or false: carefully using NaHCO3 can act as a life-sustaining measure as the underlying cause of acidosis is addressed

A

True

19
Q

What 3 SEs are associated with THAM?

A
  1. Hypoglycemia
  2. Hyperkalemia
  3. Extravasation/tissue necrosis
20
Q

When should THAM be used?

A

As a salvage measure (Pt incredibly acidotic)

21
Q

What might acetazolamide have a cross sensitivity with?

A

Patients w sulfonamide/sulfonylurea allergies

22
Q

What are 2 agents that can be used to treat metabolic acidosis?

A
  1. Sodium Bicarbonate
  2. THAM
23
Q

What agent is used to treat metabolic alkalosis?

A

Acetazolamide

24
Q

What is metabolic acidosis caused by?

A

Decrease in sodium bicarbonate

Critically Ill Exam 1 (7 decks)

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