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Chemistry > Acid and Alkalis > Flashcards

Acid and Alkalis Flashcards

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1
Q

Acid

A

They have a pH of 1-6 and turn orange or red when tested with a indicator

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2
Q

Alkali

A

pH of 8-14 and turn blue or purple when tested with an indicator

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3
Q

Indicators

A

Indicators show if a solution is acid or alkali
Different indicators give different colours in acids and alkalis​
We need to know the colours of the indicators in acid or alkali conditions​
we need indicators to be able to identify if a substance is an acid, alkali or metal.
it also allows us to know if a person has an acidic or alkali solution

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4
Q

What happens when you add Phenolphthalein​ to Hydrochloric acid

A

it turns pink

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5
Q

What happens when you add Phenolphthalein​ to Sulphuric acid

A

it turns pink

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6
Q

What happens when you add Phenolphthalein​ to Nitric acid

A

it turns pink

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7
Q

What happens when you add phenolphthalein to water (control)

A

it turns to pink

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8
Q

What happens when you add Methyl Orange to Hydrochloric acid

A

it turns red

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9
Q

What happens when you add Methyl Orange to Sulphuric acid

A

it turns red

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10
Q

What happens when you add Methyl Orange to Nitric Acid

A

it turns red

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11
Q

What happens when you add Methyl Orange to water (control)

A

it turns orange

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12
Q

what happens when you add litmus to hydrochloric acid

A

it turns red

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13
Q

what happens when you add litmus to sulphuric acid

A

it turns red

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14
Q

what happens when you add litmus to nitric acid

A

it turns red

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15
Q

what happens when you add litmus to water (Control)

A

it turns purple

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16
Q

What happens when you add phenolphthalein to sodium hydroxide

A

it turns colourless

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17
Q

what happens when you add phenolphthalein to ammonium hydroxide

A

it turns colourless

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18
Q

what happens when you add methyl orange to sodium hydroxide

A

it turns yellow

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19
Q

what happens when you add methyl orange to ammonium hydroxide

A

it turns yellow

20
Q

what happens when you add litmus to sodium hydroxide

A

it turns blue

21
Q

what happens when you add litmus to ammonium hydroxide

A

it turns blue

22
Q

skull and bones hazard sign

A

toxic - sign for toxic/poisonous substances and can cause severe damage when inhaled, absorbed, or swallowed

23
Q

fish dead with tree behind hazard sign

A

environmental hazard - cause harm to the environment.

24
Q

exclamation point hazard sign

A

general warning - It is a warning indicating the presence of hazardous materials in the lab.

25
Q

fire with line underneath hazard sign

A

Flammable Material hazard – Chemicals labelled as flammable have the tendency to ignite and should be store accordingly. Keep the chemicals away from flames, sparks, and oxidizing substances.

26
Q

chemical poured on hand and table hazard sign

A

corrosive material - Strong chemicals that corrode into your skin and other substances. A drop of the corrosive agent can cause serious damage. So, wear protective gear at all times when working with corrosive substances.

27
Q

person with star in chest

A

health hazard - substances that can cause serious health damage such as respiratory problems.

28
Q

bomb exploding

A

explosive material - It pertains to chemicals in the lab that has explosive properties.

29
Q

Universal Indicators

A

By mixing indicators, we can make universal indicators which show how acidic or basic a solution is
This is called the pH. (power of hydrogen)

30
Q

pH Scale

A

ph scale of 1-6 is acidic. 7 is neutral and 8-14 is alkaline

31
Q

equation for neutralisation

A

equation; acid + base = salt + water

ph1+pH6=pH7

32
Q

uses for neutralisation

A

making fertilisers e.g. ammonium sulphate,

Colouring agents

33
Q

Reactions of Acids - Metal Oxides

A

Acid + metal oxide = salt + water

34
Q

Reactions of Acids- metal hydroxide

A

Acid + Metal hydroxide = salt + water

35
Q

Reactions of Acids - Metal carbonate

A

Acid + Metal Carbonate = salt + water + carbon dioxide

36
Q

Chloride Salt

What Acid?

A

Hydrochloric Acid

37
Q

sulphuric acid

what salt?

A

sulphate salt

38
Q

nitric acid

What salt?

A

nitrate salt

39
Q 
reaction of acids
acids
H2SO4
HCI
HNO3
H3PO4
CH3COOH
A 
Sulphuric acid
Hydrochloric Acid
Nitric Acid
Phosphoric Acid 
Ethanoic Acid
40
Q

Bases
Substances that react with acids to make a salt and water
Metal Oxide

A

copper oxide
lead oxide
magnesium oxide
sodium oxide

41
Q

Bases
Substances that react with acids to make a salt and water
Metal Carbonates

A

sodium carbonate
calcium carbonate​
copper carbonate​
zinc carbonate

42
Q

Bases that are Alkalis
Bases that dissolve in water ( giving off hydroxide)
most metal hydroxides are ALKALIS
metal hydroxide

A

sodium hydroxide

calcium hydroxide

43
Q

Bases
Substances that react with acids to make a salt and water
Metal hydroxides

A

sodium hydroxide
calcium hydroxide
copper hydroxide

44
Q

Salts
Produced when acids react with bases
sulphuric acid - sulphates

A

sodium sulphate

copper sulphate

45
Q

Salts
Produced when acids react with bases
Hydrochloric acid - chlorides

A

calcium chloride

zinc chloride

46
Q

Salts
Produced when acids react with bases
Nitric acid - Nitrates

A

potassium nitrate

iron nitrate

Chemistry (3 decks)

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