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C2 Knowledge Organiser > Acid and Alkalis > Flashcards

Acid and Alkalis Flashcards

1
Q

Name the State symbols

A

Use in chemical equations,

s) -solid
(l) - liquid
(g) -gas
(aq) - aqueous (in solution

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2
Q

Acid

A

Solution that has hydrogen ions (H+)

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3
Q

Base

A

Chemicals that react with acids

Examples: Metal oxides and hydroxides

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4
Q

Alkaline

A

Soluble that is also a base

Solution that has either hydroxide ions (OH-)
or Ammonia (NH3)
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5
Q

Salt (ionic compound)

A

Ionic compound made from a metal positive ion and a non-metal negative ion.

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6
Q

Measuring acidity

A

Use the pH scale is used for measuring acidity –

0-6 acid,

7 neutral,

8-14 alkaline.

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7
Q

Neutralisation reactions

A

When hydrogen ions react with hydroxide ions to produce water.

H+(aq) + OH–(aq) →H2O(l)

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8
Q

Alkali

A

Hydroxide compounds

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9
Q

Acid + alkali (metal hydroxide) →

A

salt + water

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10
Q

Acid + metal oxide →

A

salt + water

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11
Q

Acid + metal→

A

salt + hydrogen

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12
Q

Acid + metal carbonate →

A

Salt + carbon dioxide + water

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13
Q

Acid + Ammonia →

A

Ammonium salt

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14
Q

When using hydrochloric acid the salt would a……

A

Metal Chloride

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15
Q

When using Sulphuric acid the salt would a……

A

Metal sulfate

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16
Q

When using nitric acid the salt would a……

A

Metal nitrate

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17
Q

When using phosphoric acids the salt would a……

A

Metal Phosphate

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18
Q

Ammonium salts uses

A

as a fertiliser to help the crops grow more food.

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19
Q

Key parts of a method to make salt using insoluble Metal oxide.

A

Metal oxide is added until no more reacts

filtered using filter paper and funnel to remove unreacted metal oxide

20
Q

Key parts of a method to make salt using soluble alkali solution.

A

Mix together with an acid

An indicator can be used to show when the acid and alkali have completely reacted

then crystallised by evaporating the water.

21
Q

Hydrochloric acid + sodium hydroxide →

A

Sodium chloride + water

22
Q

Sulfuric acid + sodium hydroxide →

A

Sodium sulfate + water

23
Q

Nitric acid + sodium hydroxide →

A

Sodium nitrate + water

24
Q

Nitric acid + lithium hydroxide →

A

lithium nitrate + water

25
Q

sulphuric acid + lithium hydroxide →

A

lithium sulfate + water

26
Q

Hydrochloric acid + lithium hydroxide →

A

lithium chloride + water

27
Q

Hydrochloric acid + sodium oxide →

A

Sodium chloride + water

28
Q

Sulfuric acid + sodium oxide →

A

Sodium sulfate + water

29
Q

Nitric acid + sodium oxide →

A

Sodium nitrate + water

30
Q

Nitric acid + copper oxide →

A

copper nitrate + water

31
Q

Sulfuric acid + copper oxide →

A

copper sulfate + water

32
Q

Hydrochloric acid + copper oxide →

A

copper chloride + water

33
Q

Hydrochloric acid + magnesium →

A

magnesium chloride + hydrogen

34
Q

Hydrochloric acid + calcium →

A

Calcium chloride + hydrogen

35
Q

Sulfuric acid + Beryllium →

A

Beryllium sulfate + hydrogen

36
Q

Sulfuric acid + potassium →

A

potassium sulfate + hydrogen

37
Q

hydrochloric acid + potassium carbonate →

A

potassium chloride + carbon dioxide + water

Never CO2 for word equations

38
Q

Sulfuric acid + potassium carbonate →

A

potassium sulfate + carbon dioxide + water

Never CO2 for word equations

39
Q

nitric acid + potassium carbonate →

A

potassium nitrate + carbon dioxide + water

Never CO2 for word equations

40
Q

nitric acid + sodium carbonate →

A

sodium nitrate + carbon dioxide + water

Never CO2 for word equations

41
Q

Sulfuric acid + sodium carbonate →

A

Sodium sulfate + carbon dioxide + water

Never CO2 for word equations

42
Q

hydrochloric acid + sodium carbonate →

A

Sodium chloride + carbon dioxide + water

Never CO2 for word equations

43
Q

Hydrochloric acid + Ammonia →

A

Ammonium chloride

44
Q

Sulfuric acid + Ammonia →

A

Ammonium Sulfate

45
Q

nitric acid + Ammonia →

A

Ammonium nitrate

C2 Knowledge Organiser (8 decks)

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