Achilles tendon disease

Question 1

Risk factors

Answer 1

quinolone use (e.g. ciprofloxacin) is associated with tendon disorders

hypercholesterolaemia (predisposes to tendon xanthomata)

Question 2

Achilles tendinopathy (tendinitis)

Clinical Features

Answer 2

gradual onset of posterior heel pain that is worse following activity

morning pain and stiffness are common

calf muscle eccentric exercises - this may be self-directed or under the guidance of physiotherapy

Question 3

Achilles tendinopathy (tendinitis)

Management

Answer 3

supportive including simple analgesia and reduction in precipitating activities

Question 4

Achilles tendon rupture

Clnical features

Answer 4

an audible ‘pop’ in the ankle, sudden onset significant pain in the calf or ankle or the inability to walk or continue the sport

positive simmonds test

Question 5

Achilles tendon rupture management

Answer 5

An acute referral should be made to an orthopaedic specialist following a suspected rupture