ACh drugs Flashcards
bethanechol
class, use, and action?
cholinomimetic
- postop and neurogenic ileus, urinary retention
- activates bowel and bladder smooth muscle
- resistant to AChE
carbachol
class, use, and action?
cholinomimetic
-constricts pupil and relieves intraocular pressure in glaucoma
methacholine
class, use, and action?
cholinomimetic
- challenge test for dx of asthma
- stimulates muscarinic receptors in airway
pilocarpine
class, use, and action?
cholinomimetic
- potent stimulator of sweat, tears, and saliva
- open angle (contracts ciliary muscle) glaucoma
- closed angle (contract pupillary sphincter) glaucoma
- resistant to AChE
donepezil, rivastigmine, galantamine
class, use, and action?
AChE inhibitor
-increase ACh in Alzheimer’s
edrophonium
class, use, and action?
AChE inhibitor
-used to dx myasthenia (now dx’ed by antibody test)
neostigmine
class, use, and action?
AChE inhibitor
- postop and neurogenic ileus and urinary retention
- myasthenia gravis
- reversal of NMJ blockade (post op)
- *no CNS penetration
physostigmine
class, use, and action?
AChE inhibitor
- anticholinergic toxicity (physo phyxes atropine overdose)
- *crosses BBB to the CNS
pyridostigmine
class, use, and action?
AChE inhibitor
- myasthenia gravis (long acting)
- *no CNS penetration
what to watch out for with AChE inhibitors
COPD, asthma, peptic ulcer dz
antidote for organophosphate poisoning
organophosphates irreversibly inhibit AChE –> lots of ACh
- atropine- competitive inhibitor
- pralidoxime- regenerates AChE if given early
atropine, homatropine, tropicamide
class, organ system, use?
muscarinic antagonist
eye: produce mydriasis and cycloplegia
benztropine
class, organ system, use?
muscarinic antagonist
CNS: Parkinson, acute dystonia
glycopyrrolate
class, organ system, use?
muscarinic antagonist
GI, resp: IV preop to reduce airway secretions, oral for drooling and peptic ulcer
hyoscyamine, dicyclomine
class, organ system, use?
muscarinic antagonist
GI: antispasmodics for IBS
ipratropium, tiotropium
class, organ system, use?
muscarinic antagonist
respiratory: COPD and asthma
oxybutynin, solifenacin, tolterodine
class, organ system, use?
muscarinic antagonist
GU: reduce bladder spasms and urge urinary incontinence (overactive bladder)
scopolamine
class, organ system, use?
muscarinic antagonist
CNS: motion sickness
