ACF Basic 2 Flashcards
what is V1 decision speed?
The maximum speed at which the crew can decide to reject the take-off, and is ensured to stop the aeroplane within the limits of the runway
what is Vr rotation speed?
speed at which the pilot pulls the stick to set the take-off attitude
what is V2 take-off safety speed?
speed at which the aircraft can climb out safely with critical engine inoperative. V2 must be reached at least at 35 ft height
What is a climb gradient + formula?
Climb gradient is the ratio of height gained to distance travelled
thrust - drag / weight
What is rate of climb + formula?
ROC is the vertical component of aircraft’s velocity
V* thrust - drag / weight
What effects the climb gradient and ROC?
The difference between thrust and drag, and the mass of the aircraft
Which types of energy does an aircraft needs to fly?
-Kinetic energy: the energy which corresponds to the speed (TAS) of the aircraft
-Potential energy: the energy which corresponds to the altitude of the aircraft
Kinetic+Potential=Total Aircraft Energy
Definition of cruise
Phase of flight which starts after aircraft has levelled off from the climb, and it ends when the descent for landing is initiated by the crew
Factors affecting aircraft performance
- Aircraft mass
- Air density
- Wind
- Aircraft configuration
- Runway condition
- Cabin pressurisation
- Air speed
- Economic factors
- Ecological factors
- Other factors
What is specific range + formula?
Specific range is the range that depends on the amount of fuel carried and the number of miles flown per kilogram of fuel
SR= True Air Speed / Fuel Flow
What is a descent gradient + formula?
Descend gradient is a ratio of height descended to distance travelled, and it’s expressed as percentage.
drag-thrust / weight ili drag / lift
What is a rate of descend + formula?
ROD is a vertical component of the aircraft’s velocity, normally expressed in ft/min
V* drag-thust / weight ili GS * 5
What is an emergency descend rate?
6.000-10.000 ft/min
What is the vertical speed for the best passenger comfort
between 300-500 ft/min
What is Vref or Vls + formula?
Reference speed or Lowest selectable speed is a speed that should be used on final approach
1.25 * Vs (stalling speed)
Calculation of the runway distance with wind speed?
For the calculation of the landing distance required it is allowed to use 50% of the headwind component and 150% of the tailwind component. A crosswind doesn’t affect the landing distance.
