Accomplice Liability

Question 1

Principals in the first degree

Answer 1

people who actually engage in the act that constitutes the criminal offense

Question 2

Principals in the second degree

Answer 2

people who aid, advise, or encourage the principal and are present at the crime

Question 3

Accessories before the fact

Answer 3

people who aid, advise, or encourage the principal but are not present at the crime

Question 4

Accessories after the fact

Answer 4

people who assist the principal after the crime

Question 5

Principal

Answer 5

One who, with requisite mental state, actually engages in the act or omission that causes the criminal result.

Question 6

Accomplice

Answer 6

aids, advises, encourages

Question 7

Accessory after the fact

Answer 7

One who receives, comforts or assists another knowing that he has committed a felony, in order to help the felon escape arrest, trial, or conviction.

Question 8

Mental state for accomplice liability elements

Answer 8

(1) intent to assist

(2) intent that the principal commit

Question 9

scope of liability for accomplices

Answer 9

crimes committed or aided/advised/encouraged

other crimes committed in course of committing crime contemplated, as long as other crimes were probable and foreseeable

Question 10

Withdrawal methods

Answer 10

Encouragement requires repudiation of encouragement
Aid requires neutralization of aid
Another means of withdrawing is to contact the police