Accommodative and Vergence Dysfunction Assignment Flashcards
Occurs when the amplitude of accommodation (AA) is lower
than the expected AA for the patient’s age and is not due to
sclerosis of the crystalline lens.
Accommodative insufficiency
It is a condition in which the AA is normal, but fatigue occurs
with repeated accommodative stimulation.
ill-sustained accommodation
Also called as accommodative inertia.
Accommodative infacility
A rare condition in which the accommodative system fails to
respond to any stimulus.
Paralysis of Accommodation
It is the result of overstimulation of the parasympathetic nervous
system.
SPASM OF ACCOMMODATION
Receded near point of convergence (NPC)
CONVERGENCE INSUFFICIENCY
Can be described as exophoria or exotropia at near greater
than the far deviation by at least 10 prism diopters (PD).
CONVERGENCE INSUFFICIENCY
Can be described as exophoria or exotropia at far greater than
the near deviation by at least 10 prism diopters (PD).
DIVERGENCE EXCESS
if the difference between the far and near exophoria is
below 10PD.
BASIC EXOPHORIA
Can be described as esophoria or esotropia at near greater
than the far deviation by at least 10 prism diopters (PD).
CONVERGENCE EXCESS
In a patient with divergence insufficiency (DI), tonic esophoria
is high when measured at distance but less at near.
DIVERGENCE INSUFFICIENCY
Can be described as esophoria or esotropia at far greater than
the near deviation by at least 10 prism diopters (PD).
DIVERGENCE INSUFFICIENCY
If the difference between the distance and near esophoria is
below 10PD.
BASIC ESOPHORIA
Patients with fusional vergence dysfunction (vergence
insufficiency) often have normal phorias and AC/A ratios but
reduced fusional vergence amplitudes.
FUSIONAL VERGENCE DYSFUNCTION
One of he most common causes of newly acquired vertical diplopia or
asthenopia with vertical deviation is longstanding, decompensated, fourth
nerve palsy, which results in superior oblique paresis.
VERTICAL HETEROPHORIAS
