Accommodation Disorders

Question 1

Esophoria could be a sign in which accommodative dysfunction(s)?

Answer 1

Accommodative excess and insufficiency

Question 2

Diplopia is a symptom of which accommodative dysfunction?

Answer 2

Accommodation excess

Question 3

What AC/A ratio (high or low) would you more likely have with the following test results:
+1.50 lag of accommodation
Low PRA
High NRA

Answer 3

Low

Question 4

What AC/A ratio (high or low) would you more likely have with the following test results:
Lead of accommodation
Low NRA
High PRA

Answer 4

High

Question 5

What Phoria posture would you more likely have with the following test results:
Lead of accommodation
Low NRA
High PRA

Answer 5

Esophoria

Question 6

A patient with normal AC/A ratio (4/1) and +2.50 NRA will use how many diopters of Fusional Convergence to maintain fusion.

Answer 6

4 x +2.50 = 10 prism diopters

Question 7

Patient with MEM +1.50 (lag), will more likely have a _____ PRA and a _____ NRA.

Normal and/or higher than expected and/or lower than expected

Answer 7

PRA = lower than expected 
NRA = normal or higher than expected

Question 8

If we find an MEM +1.75 (lag), the findings for +/-2.00D accommodative facility will be _____ and patient will struggle with _____ lens.

High or low, plus or minus

Answer 8

Low accommodative facility and struggle clearing the minus

Question 9

In accommodation excess, all the tests measuring the ability to relax accommodation will be:
Normal
Lower than expected
Higher than expected

Answer 9

Lower than expected

Question 10

In accommodation excess, all the tests measuring the ability to stimulate accommodation will be (select two):
Within normal limits
Lower than expected
Higher than expected

Answer 10

Within normal limits or higher than expected

Question 11

In accommodation excess, the patient will have more problems with (-) portion of the tests.
True or False

Answer 11

False

patient will have trouble relaxing accommodation so they will struggle with (+) tests

Question 12

In accommodation Infacility the patient’s NRA and PRA will be w/in the normal expected values.
True or False

Answer 12

False

Both values will be low

Question 13

In accommodation insufficiency the patient will have more problems clearing the (-) portion of the tests.

True or False

Answer 13

True

Question 14

In accommodation insufficiency, all the tests that measure the ability of the patient to relax accommodation will be:
Within normal limits
Higher than expected
Lower than expected

Answer 14

Within normal limits or higher than expected

Question 15

In accommodation insufficiency, all the tests that measure the ability of the patient to stimulate accommodation will be:
Within normal limits
Higher than expected
Lower than expected

Answer 15

Lower than expected

Question 16

In ill-sustained accommodation the patient’s accommodative amplitude will be lower than expected.
True or False

Answer 16

False

Question 17

The key finding for accommodation insufficiency is a reduced amplitude of accommodation.
True of False

Answer 17

True

Question 18

The MEM and FCC findings are used to determine the near Rx.

True or False

Answer 18

True

Question 19

What does the MEM test measure?

Answer 19

Accommodative response

Question 20

What is the normal accommodative response at 40cm?

Answer 20

+2.00D

Question 21

A large lag of accommodation, could influence the AC/A gradient findings.
True or False

Answer 21

True

Question 22

When measuring the NRA, the patient will be required to use _____ Fusional Vergence to maintain single vision.

Answer 22

Positive Fusional Vergence

Question 23

When measuring the PRA, the patient will be required to use _____ Fusional Vergence to maintain single vision.

Answer 23

Negative Fusional Vergence

Question 24

Which accommodative conditions show symptoms at distance?

Answer 24

Accommodative excess and accommodative spasm

Question 25

What are the signs for accommodative excess? (list 4)

Answer 25

Normal to higher than expected amplitude
Low NRA (+)
Low lag or lead of accommodation
Fails to clear (+) on facility

Question 26

What are the signs for accommodation insufficiency? List (4)

Answer 26

lower than expected amplitude
Low PRA
High lag
Fails to clear (-) on facility

Question 27

What are the signs for accommodation Infacility?

Answer 27

Normal to higher than expected amplitude
Low PRA
Low NRA
Fails to clear (+/-) on facility

Question 28

While doing the NRA test plus lenses are added; therefore, accommodation will be _____, and convergence will be _____.
Increased
Decreased

Answer 28

Decreased, decreased

Question 29

While doing the PRA test minus lenses are added; therefore, accommodation will be _____, and convergence will be _____.
Increased
Decreased

Answer 29

Increased, increased