Accessory Structures

Question 1

Hair

Answer 1

-keratinized epithelial cells from skin

Question 2

Hair structure

Answer 2

-Hair shaft – portion of the hair that is visible.
-Hair root – portion of the hair that penetrates the skin.
-Hair follicle – sheath that surrounds the hair in the skin.
-Bulb – base of the hair follicle.
-Matrix – bottom of the hair follicle. This is where cells are actively dividing and producing new hair cells.
-Arrector pili – smooth muscle that is attached to hair follicle. This is how “goose bumps” are produced.

Question 3

Nails

Answer 3

-keratinized epithelial cells
-keratin same as found in epidermis

Question 4

Sudiferous Glands

Answer 4

exocrine glands that produce water based secretions

Question 5

Merocrine or Eccrine Glands

Answer 5

-true sweat glands
-pores on surface of the skin
-go through cell membranes by exocytosis

Question 6

Apocrine Glands

Answer 6

-found in axilla (under arm) and inguinal area (groin)
-active more at puberty
-release thicker and smelly odor
-secrete through hair follicles

Question 7

Ceruminous Glands

Answer 7

-secrete earwax into ear
-stop things from getting into ear
-modified apocrine glands

Question 8

Mammary Glands

Answer 8

-produce milk released through nipple
-modified apocrine glands

Question 9

Sebaceous Glands

Answer 9

-release sebum (oily secretion) mostly through hair
-released through skin pores as well to block bacteria
-when it gets clogged in hair follicles it creates pimples
-holocrine gland: entire secretory cell is excreted