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CPACC - June '24 > Accessibility & Universal Design > Flashcards

Accessibility & Universal Design Flashcards

Distinguish between individual accommodations and Universal Design.

1
Q

What is the difference between accessibility, usability, and universal design?

A
  • Accessibility: design so people with disabilities have equivalent UX without barriers or discrimination
  • Usability: Emphasizes ease of use and user experience, doesn’t always consider needs of people with disabilities
  • Universal Design: makes product or service usable for everyone (as many as possible) w/o adaptations
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2
Q

What is the relationship between accessibility, usability, and universal design (UD)?

A

UD is closely related to accessibility & usability. All want to make products & services easier to use for everyone regardless of ability, but emphasize different aspects.

  • Acc: PWD have equivalent UX w/o barriers or discrimination
  • Usability: ease of use and UX, but doesn’t consider PWD’s needs
  • UD: include everyone (as many as possible)
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3
Q

What is the difference between universal design and accommodations?

A
  • Universal Design: makes product or service usable for everyone (as many as possible) w/o adaptations
  • Accommodations: Individual assistance provided to persons with disabilities
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4
Q

What are the benefits of accessibility to individuals?

A

Increased independence, means to participate in society, such as education, employment, and social activities.

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5
Q

What are the benefits of accessibility to society?

A
  1. Increased independence of more people
  2. Contibutions from persons with a variety of abilities and disabilities
  3. Cost savings
  4. Improvements to built / digital world that improve access and usability for everyone
  5. Innovation & better problem-solving from diversity through inclusion
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6
Q

What are the 4 WCAG principles?

A
  1. Perceivable
  2. Operable
  3. Understandable
  4. Robust

(POUR)

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7
Q

What is web accessibility?

According to the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C)

A

“Websites, tools, and technologies are designed and developed so people with disabilities can use them.

More specifically, people can perceive, understand, navigate, and interact with and contribute to the web.

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8
Q

What 4 guidelines make web content Perceivable?

A
  • 1.1 Text Alternatives: Provide text alternatives for non-text content
  • 1.2 Time-based Media: Captions & other alternatives for multimedia
  • 1.3 Adaptable: Content can be presented in different ways (including by AT) without losing meaning
  • 1.4 Distinguishable: Make content easier to see and hear.
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9
Q

What 5 guidelines make web content Operable?

A
  • 2.1: Keyboard Accessible: Functionality is available via keyboard.
  • 2.2 Enough Time: Users have enough time to read & use content.
  • 2.3 Seizures & Physical Reactions: Content does not cause seizures or physical reactions.
  • 2.4 Navigable: Users can easily navigate, find content, and determine where they are.
  • 2.5 Input Modalities Users can use different inputs beyond keyboard.
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10
Q

What 3 guidelines make web content Understandable?

A
  • 3.1 Readable: Text is readable and understandable.
  • 3.2 Predictable: Content appears and operates in predictable ways.
  • 3.3 Input Assistance: Help users avoid and correct mistakes.
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11
Q

What guideline makes web content Robust?

A
  • 4.1 Compatible: Maximize compatibility with current and future user tools.
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12
Q

“Text alternatives for non-text content” is part of which WCAG principle?

A

Perceivable

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13
Q

“Captions and other alternatives for multimedia” is part of which WCAG principle?

A

Perceivable

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14
Q

“Content can be presented in different ways (including by AT) without losing meaning” is part of which WCAG principle?

A

Perceivable

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15
Q

“Make content easier to see and hear” is part of which WCAG principle?

A

Perceivable

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16
Q

“Functionality is available via keyboard” is part of which WCAG principle?

A

Operable

17
Q

“Users have enough time to read & use content” is part of which WCAG principle?

A

Operable

18
Q

“Content does not cause seizures or physical reactions” is part of which WCAG principle?

A

Operable

19
Q

“Users can easily navigate, find content, and determine where they are” is part of which WCAG principle?

A

Operable

20
Q

“Users can use different inputs beyond keyboard” is part of which WCAG principle?

A

Operable

21
Q

“Text is readable and understandable” is part of which WCAG principle?

A

Understandable

22
Q

“Content appears and operates in predictable ways” is part of which WCAG principle?

A

Understandable

23
Q

“Help users avoid and correct mistakes” is part of which WCAG principle?

A

Understandable

24
Q

“Maximize compatibility with current and future user tools” is part of which WCAG principle?

A

Robust

25
Q

What is perceivability?

A

Perceivability is about making the output of web content available through multiple sensory modalities.

26
Q

What is the most universal accessible format available?

A

Digital text

27
Q

What is WCAG Principle 1?

A

Perceivable - Information and user interface components must be presentable to users in ways they can perceive.

28
Q

What is WCAG Principle 2?

A

Operable - User interface components and navigation must be operable.

29
Q

What is WCAG Principle 3?

A

Understandable - Information and the operation of the user interface must be understandable.

30
Q

What is WCAG Principle 4?

A

Robust - Content must be robust enough that it can be interpreted by a wide variety of user agents, including assistive technologies.

31
Q

What is operability?

A

Operability is about making the input methods of web content functionality available to a wide range of input devices, including:

  • mouse or touchpad
  • keyboard
  • touchscreen
  • voice recognition software
  • other specialized input devices (most emulate a keyboard or mouse)
32
Q

What is understandability?

A

Understandability is about making content and interfaces that people can comprehend.

33
Q
A

CPACC - June '24 (4 decks)

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