Ac2.1 Explain Forms Of Social Control Flashcards
What are the key ideas to internal forms of social control?
Moral conscience
Internalisation of social rules + morality
Rational ideology
Culture tradition
Moral conscience explanation
A moral conscience is our internal moral compass. Freuds theory illustrates internal social control through our superego. Our superego is in our subconscious and is developed ages 3 - 6 through socialisation through family. It is our internal parent which makes us feel pride and guilt. This governs us into to not committing crime and making us feel guilt for our wrong doings.
What does the term ‘socialisation’ mean in terms of cultural and traditional?
A person who learns the norms and values of a society from 1st hand socialisation (family/community) and 2nd (education/religion)
How do customs and traditions help to transmit values and norms of a society?
Custom - traditional and widely accepted way of behaving
Tradition - beliefs passed from generation to generation
Growing up in a specific community these will become internalise
What is meant by the internalise social rules ?
Rules learnt from socialising with other becoming part of our own personality - instigate by ourselves
What is the rational ideology theory?
An individual consciousness that ways up the pros and cons which guides them forward to follow the rules. It ways up the pros and cons as it is a source of guilt and anticipated anxiety.
MORAL COMPASS
What are the types of external forms of social control ?
- Agencies of social control
- Coercion
- fear of punishment
What are the 4 different agencies that use external control ?
Police : use coercion, arrest stop and search question and detain
CPS : use fear of punishment, decide if case is worthy and sentencing , plea bargaining
Judges and magistrates : sentencing and conviction, plea guilty = lesser sentence
Prison service : threat of loss of freedom , punish banana
What are the ideas around coercion?
To compel by force, intimidation or authority without regard for individual desire. To dominate or control especially by exploiting fear or anxiety. It can physically or psychologically.
Sally Clarke
What is the link between fear of punishment and right realism?
Rational choice theory = make a decision rationally on committing a crime so right realism use fear of punishment to decrease offending rates
Is a suspended sentence a good use of coercion?
It is a good use of coercion as it controls and manipulates people into behaving for longer than an actual prison sentence
What is fear of punishment a form of?
And what types there ?
Deterrence
Individual = imposed on offenders in order to prevent them from committing further crime (design for people already in prison)
General = prevents others from committing similar crimes
“Mandatory minimum”
“Three strikes + you’re out”
What are the two theories behind control theory?
Walter C . Reckless :
Containment theory
Hirschi :
“Delinquent acts occurs when an individual’s bond to society is weak or broken”
What did Walter C. Reckless think about why people don’t commit crimes ?
He says that we resist committing crimes due to inner and outer containment
Inner = upbringing + influence from family
Outer = influences of social groups including laws of the society prevents deviation from norms
What does Hirschi believe about why people don’t commit crime ?
He believed people must form social bonds to prevent criminal behaviour
4 attachments:
Namely attachment
- positive attachment to parent and school promotes pro social behaviour
Commitment
- commitment to accomplishing future positive goals
Involvement
- with social activities eg belonging to sporting community
Belief
- in society’s values such as believing committing a crime is wrong
