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Criminology > AC1.2 > Flashcards

AC1.2 Flashcards

1
Q

What is the criminal justice system divided into?

A
  • Law creation and administration.
  • Law enforcement.
  • The courts.
  • Punishment of convicted offenders.
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2
Q

Roles of the Law Creation Agency

A

Parliament: passes acts and legislations.

Judges: create new laws by setting judicial precedents. Also integrate the meaning of statutes.

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3
Q

Roles of the Police Agency

A

Can enforce arrests, question, stop and search.

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4
Q

Role of the CPS Agency

A
  • Have to follow the full code test, evidential test, and public interests.
  • Get to decide the charge.
  • Present prosecutions case in court.
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5
Q

Role of the Courts Agency

A
  • Hear evidence and make decisions on guilt.
  • Judges decide sentences.
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6
Q

Role of the Prison and Probation Service

A
  • Supervising the offender in custody.
  • Supervising in the community.
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7
Q

Describe the police’s relationship with the courts

A
  • Ensure defendants in police custody are before the court.
  • Police attend the court and give evidence.
  • Police can apply for search and warrant arrests.
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8
Q

Describe the police’s relationship with the prison service

A
  • Assist with arrangements of sentencing.
  • Arrest prisoner if recalled on license.
  • Usually an independent agency that escorts prisoners to prison.
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9
Q

Describe the police’s relationship with the CPS

A
  • Police submit evidence
  • Seek advice on charging of suspects.
  • Work in prosecuting offenders.
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10
Q

Describe the CPS’s relationship with the courts

A
  • Prepare and present prosecutions case against offenders.
  • Preparing appeals against unduly lenient sentence.
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11
Q

Describe the CPS’s relationship with prisons

A

CPS liaise with prisons to request a prisoners appearance in courts or over video link.

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12
Q

What is the role of the courts?

A
  • Suspect is charged and they’re brought before magistrates court.
  • Defendant pleads and pre-trial issues are decided.
  • Guilty leads to sentence hearing, not guilty leads to trial being arranged.
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13
Q

Describe the HM courts and tribunal services relationship with courts and judges

A
  • Contributes to law creation.
  • Supervises the efficient running of the courts system.
  • Funding individual courts.
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14
Q

Describe the HM courts and tribunal services relationship with HMP prison service

A
  • Holding prisoners, attending court, pending transfers or return to prison.
  • Arrange video link for prisoners giving evidence from prison.
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15
Q

What is the role of the HM prison service?

A

To supervise offenders in custody.

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16
Q

HM prison service relationship with the courts

A
  • Carry out custodial sentences that the courts impose on offenders.
  • Supervision for people refused bail.
  • Visit from defence lawyer.
17
Q

HM prison service relationship with probation service

A
  • Liaise when a prisoner is to be released on license.
18
Q

HM prison service relationship with charities

A
  • Prison advice and care trust.
  • Women in prisons.
19
Q

What does the prison reform trust campaign do?

A
  • Create a just, humane and effective prison service.
  • Reduce use of prison
  • Improve conditions for prisoners.
  • Promote equality and human rights.
20
Q

What does the inquest campaign do?

A
  • End deaths caused by unsafe systems of detention, a lack of care, use of force and institutional failure.
21
Q

HM probation service relationships with the court

A
  • Prepare pre-sentence on reports.
  • Supervise offenders giving a community sentence.
  • Supervise drug testing under court orders.
22
Q

What is the HM probation service role?

A

To supervise offenders who are serving their sentence in the community.

23
Q

What is the role of government departments?

A

Provide funding for parts of the justice system, which come from general taxation.

24
Q

Government departments relationship with courts, prison and probation service

A

Ministry of Justice is responsible.

25
Q

Summary of the criminal justice system process

A
  • Criminal law made in parliament.
  • Police enforce law by arresting.
  • CPS decide whether there is enough evidence and advise police on charge.
  • Defendant released on bail or stays in custody.
  • Suspect appears in court.
  • Not guilty plea: trial, guilty: sentencing.
  • If accused is convicted, formal punishment will be given by magistrates or judge. If custodial sentence is given, defendant is sent to prison.
  • HM prison service oversees welfare of prisoners.
  • Prisoner released on license and supervised by probation service.

Criminology (10 decks)

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