Ac1.1 Flashcards
What social definition of crime?
A label from social interaction or wrong against their community if society certain acts the crime then it tends to be seen as one
-not all harmful acts are criminal, not all crimes are harmful not all criminal laws are enforced by the police
Legal definition of crime?
Actus reus: a guilty act
Mens rea: guilty mind element of criminal responsibility acted with bad intentions
In some cases mens rea is not needed for convictions
What are summary offences?
Less serious offences such as speeding
-magistrates court
Indictable offences?
More serious offences
-crown court judge and jury 95% of cases start at the magistrates court
What are conditional cautions? - formal sanctions
NON COURT
Low level offences last up to 20 weeks requires offender to comply with conditions to avoid prosecution could include rehabilitation apologizing or restriction
Conditional discharge- formal sanctions
COURT
Given by courts this means if the offender commits another crime during a set time period they can be sentenced for the original one as well as a new one
Discharge- absolute formal sanctions
COURT
Court decide no punishment as going to court has been enough punishment= morally blameless
Penalty notices- formal sanctions
NON COURT
Official document for minor offences can request a hearing if you want to dispute the change like speeding given to a fist time offender or someone not from this country
Custodial sentences formal sanctions
COURT
serious offences
imprisonment- set by court
Suspended- comply with court= no sentence
Determinate- fixed end date
Inter determinate- no fixed end date
Whole life order- no end date
Community sentences formal sanction
COURT
Punishment with activities carried out in community unpaid labour have drug tests keep to curfew
Financial formal sanctions
COURT
Penalties alternative to persecution
Considers cost and seriousness of offence
Higher price = reoffend how much money you have
Fines
Cautions- administered formal sanctions
NON COURT
minor crimes
Have to agree of not arrested and charged
Not conviction can be used as evidence of bad character if charged with another crime
What is deviance?
A act that violates societies norms and values
Forms of deviance + example
Admired- giving half of your money to charity
Odd- having excessive tattoos
Bad- killing someone
What are norms?
Specific rules or socially accepted standards that given people’s behaviour
What are values?
Rules shared by most people in a culture that they hold in value foundation to judge general guidelines than norms
What are moral codes?
Basically set of rules values and principles held by people
9 policy principals: accountability integrity openness fairness leadership respect honesty objectivity and selflessness
What are mores?
Morals or good ways of behaving formed from a person’s core values
Sanctions against deviance
Frowning upon the action
Ignoring the act
Name calling
Labelling
Laughing at them
Shaming
What are the synoptic link in AC1.1?
Moral panic
Changing public attitudes
Perceptions of crime trends
Stereotyping
Level of response
