AC Motors And Machines Flashcards
An alternator gives ac or dc?
It gives ac. It has slip rings and brushes. A commutator converts ac to dc, but this just gives ac.
What are the 4 motors we look at?
SCIM, WRIM, synchronous, and split phase (single phase)
Which motor can be a motor or alternator?
Synchronous. It’s hp output with a prime mover and ac without.
What’s the secondary and primary in an ac machine?
Secondary is rotor windings. Primary is the stator windings.
Why is there no poles in ac?
Because the mag field is changing constantly and shifting.
How to determine polarity of stator windings?
Using left hand coil rule, thumb points North Pole (be wary of current in and current out). Do this for each phase.
If A phase is positive 10 amps at 0, and positive 5 at 60, does its polarity change? Why?
No. It only changes polarity of stator windings if there’s a change from positive to negative or negative to positive.
At 60, B polarity does change though, and it shifts flux field by 60 degrees.
In ac generator, switching any 2 leads does what?
It switches directions of the revolving mag field
How do we classify poles?
We classify it by saying how many poles of each phase (ie 2 pole 3 phase is actually 6 poles)
If the frequency is 60 hz, then what is the frequency of cycles per minute?
60 Hz x 60 seconds is 3600 cycles per minute.
How is movement induced in the rotor?
The stator gets current. The magnetic field is formed. This changing magnetic field creates current in the rotor conductors. The conductors have their own flux. This flux interacts with the stator flux, and the repelling and attracting creates movement in a circular fashion as the conductor flux chases the stator flux to get to it (attraction) and away from it (repel).
What’s the formula for synchronous speed?
(Frequency times 120)/(Number of poles per phase)
Describe how the rotor chases the field?
The stator flux field is constantly changing and so it cuts the conductors of the motor. This induces a voltage. The induced voltage and subsequent current creates a flux field. This flux field attracts and repels the stator flux, chasing it.
What are rotor bars made of?
Aluminum. Current runs through them and goes from one end plate to the other.
What’s the formula for E of the rotor?
B l v with v being the field speed.
Formula for slip percentage?
(Nsync-Nrotor)/(Nsync)
Using rpm’s.
Nrotor plus the (Nsync times slip percentage) is equal to Nsync. T or f.
T
Slip percentage is directly proportional to…
Rotor frequency.
Rotor frequency at 0 rpm is equal to supply frequency. Multiply that by slip percentage to get the new freq.
When is there most current in the rotor?
At zero rpm.
When is the optimal torque?
At 75% of rated rpm of a rotor. Or 25% slip.
What percent slip is full
Load?
4%
What percent slip is no load?
0.2%
Why is 1800 rpm not realistic?
Must always have some slip for rotor to even move.
E speed regulation formula?
(Nl minus Fl)/ Fl