AC 3.3

Question 1

Transport

Answer 1

Carbon dioxide (CO²) is not a pollutant but a greenhouse gas which contributes to global warming effects and is associated with climate change. Governments and transport/tourism organisations have responded mainly through:
stricter engine exhaust emission tests
cleaner fuel
congestion charges – London
electric/hybrid cars, buses – hire car companies
fuel efficient aircraft – A380
proposed banning of diesel cars in cities – Paris, Madrid, Mexico City and Athens
better and ‘cleaner’ public transport – trams, buses, trains
promotion/encouragement to fly no more than once a year, use trains, cycling/walking holidays.

Question 2

Accommodation

Answer 2

Green Hotelier is an International Tourism Partnership which works with the world’s leading hotel groups to drive the responsible business agenda. The Green Tourism Scheme has similar aims. Best practice includes:
decreasing electricity consumption
decreasing water consumption
decreasing paper consumption
increasing recycling
decreasing energy waste (e.g. air conditioning)
using environmentally friendly products (e.g. for cleaning)
having an environmental policy – also a requirement for hotel partners/suppliers
promotion of an environmental day or week
suggestion boxes for staff and guests
award of certificates/ISOs.

Question 3

Tour operators

Answer 3

The role of tour operators includes:
connecting tourists to destinations
promoting destinations
developing itineraries
opening new areas for tourism.
An increasing number of tour operators have used their influence to:
educate and encourage tourists to make responsible choices
promote sustainable tourism destinations and activities
develop ‘environmentally friendly’ itineraries
support local communities in tourism destinations.

Question 4

Destinations

Answer 4

Many tourism destinations throughout the world are making efforts to combat climate change.
Barcelona is aiming to become a “self-sufficient city with zero emissions”.
The authorities hope to achieve this by:
implementing the Energy, Climate Change and Air Quality Plan 2011-2020
raising the awareness of climate change
electrifying vehicles
smart street lighting
reducing energy usage
increasing the use of solar and renewable energies
introducing HVAC systems
promoting Barcelona as a “Green City” tourism destination.