AC 3.1 Flashcards
What is the role of the police service ?
To maintain law and order, prevent crime, protect the law and uphold the rule of law
Aims and objectives of the police ?
Preventing crime - conduct patrols, gather intelligence and developing crime prevention strategies
Detecting and Investigating crime - police gather evidence to identify offenders
Protecting - protect the public from harm, responding to emergencies
Maintaining order - by enforcing the law, managing protests and controlling public events
Funding for the police service ?
Combination of central government grants, local council tax
- funding is used to pay salaries for police officers and staff and operational costs
- In 2020/21 police budget was £15.2 billion
Working practices of the police service?
Include a range of strategies and techniques.
- Intelligence- led policing
- Community policing
Crime reduction partnerships
What are the specialist operations for the police service?
• Deployment of highly trained and skilled officers who have expertise in particular areas e.g. counter terrorism units to prevent terrorist attacks
What are other specialists operations for the police service?
• Intelligence-led policing involves using intelligence to inform police operations
• Community policing - involves working closely with local communities to prevent and solve localised crimes
• Crime reduction partnerships - involve partnering with other organisations to prevent crime
What is the role of the CPS?
Responsible for prosecuting criminal cases on behalf of the state in England and Wales
What are the aims and objectives of the CPS?
• to prosecute offenders
• to bring about justice
• to treat everyone with respect
• to treat everyone equally
• to advise/work with the police service
What are the philosophy of the CPS?
• Independence and fairness
• Honesty and Openness
• Treating everyone with respect
What is the funding for the CPS?
• typically derives from the taxpayer
• funded by the government through the Ministry of Justice
What are the working practices with the CPS?
• Assess cases: review cases that have been referred by the police, decide if there is enough evidence to prosecute
• Preparing cases for court : work closely with the police to prepare cases for trial, gathering evidence, preparing witness statements
• Presenting cases in court : present cases in court on behalf of the state, ensure evidence are presented effectively and interests of justices are served
• Supporting victims and witnesses: provide support and assistance to victims and witnesses, ensuring they are informed of the progress of the case
What is the role of the judiciary ?
• Ensuring that justice is served fairly and impartially
What is the judiciary ?
Comprises of judges, magistrates and other judicial officers who interpret and apply the law in criminal cases
What are the aim and objectives of the judiciary ?
• ensure that individuals who commit crimes are held accountable
• ensure that rights of the accused are protected
• the upholding of rule of law
What are the philosophy and values of the judiciary?
• Judicial Independence of the government
• Impartiality
• Competence
What are the working practices of the judiciary ?
• responsible for overseeing criminal trials
• making decisions on guilt and innocence
• imposing sentences
•follow strict procedures and adhere to legal guidelines
What is the funding of the judiciary ?
• funded by the government (provide funding for salaries)
What is the role of the prison service?
• responsible for the management and rehabilitation of offenders in custody
• ensuring that prisoners are kept safe whilst serving their sentence
What are the aims and objectives of the prison service ?
• aim to rehabilitate offenders back to society
• ensure that offenders serve their sentence in humane environment
What is the funding of the prison service ?
• primarily funded by the government
What are the working practices of the prison service ?
• prison officers are responsible for the management of the prison environment, ensuring safety for both staff and prisoners
• offenders categorised according to their perceived risk to public safety
Category A - highest risk
Category D - lowest risk
• prisoners provided with necessities such as food, shelter and clothing as well as education and training programs and support for mental health and addiction issues
• offers range of rehabilitation programs to reduce reoffending e.g. cognitive behavioural therapy, drugs and alcohol treatment
What is the role of the National Probation Service ?
responsible for supervising offenders who have been released on license
What are the aims and objectives of the NPS?
• to protect the public by managing offenders in the community
• reduce offending by providing support and interventions to offenders
• ensure they comply with their sentences
What are the funding for the NPS?
funded by the government through the Ministry of Justice
What are the working practices for the NPS?
• conduct risk assessments to determine level of supervision
• monitor offender compliance with sentences
• work with the CRCs who are responsible for managing low- to medium risk offenders
What is the Prison Reform Trust?
• independent charity which aims to promote a humane prison system
What are the aims and objectives of the prison reform trust?
• reducing the use of imprisonment
• improving conditions for prisoners
• advocate for change and reform through lobbying which informs policy
What is the Howard League for Penal Reform?
• an independent charity that aims to promote penal reform
What are the aims and objectives of the Howard League for Penal Reform ?
• reducing the use of imprisonment
• improve conditions for prisoners
• ensuring that sentencing is fist and effective
What is NACRO?
• have campaigned to reform the Rehabilitation of Offenders Act 1974
• to abolish the box on job applications forms that’s asks people of their previous convictions
