AC 3.1

Question 1

The Police

Answer 1

Police are the main way that the GOV achieves social control over the people
The MET Police was the first force to be established, was set by Home Secretary, Sir Robert Peel at the start of the 19th century.

Question 2

Philosophy of the Police created in 1829

Answer 2

1. Basic mission of the police is to prevent crime + disorder
2. Ability to perform duties depends on the publics cooperation + approval
3. Use of physical fore is last resort
4. Impartiality serve the law
5. Police + Public are police, police are just in uniform , paid to do what citizens must do, uphold the law

Question 3

Aims and Objectives

Answer 3

1. Keep + maintain peace and order
2. Protect life + property
3. Protect, detect + investigate crime
4. Police and criminal evidence act 1984

Question 4

Funding

Answer 4

In 2020/21 the total police budget was £15.2 billion

1. 2/3 come from Central Gov
2. Most come from local council tax
3. Funding fell by 19% between 2010-18 which resulted in a loss of 20,000 officers by 2020 there are 123,000 police officers

45 Regional forces in UK. 4 in Wales, 1 in both Scotland and in Northern Ireland

Question 5

Working Practices- Specialist Policing

Answer 5

Police forces include branches such as detectives in the CID, fraud and drug squads, covert or overt, underwater search teams, dog handlers.

1. Unarmed police- In Britain largely unarmed- Reflect Peel’s philosophy
2. Specialist Constables- Unpaid, Part-time offenders- training
3. Police community support officers- limited powers- deal with anti-social behaviour
4. Police + Crime commissioners- Elected representatives of the people of the area covered to a police force

Question 6

Judges- Philosophy

Answer 6

Judicial Independence- Independent + free from Gov interference. Uphold rule of law and safeguard the rights of citizens against power of Gov
Impartiality- Not showing favour to one side or the other
Integrity- Being honest with strong moral principles
Propriety- Upholding society’s accepted standards of behaviour morals
Ensuring equal treatment to everyone who comes before the courts
Competence- Knowledge + Ability to do the job
Judicial Oath- First oath of allegiance to the Queen, her Heirs and Accessors. Second- Promises to treat with impartiality + according to law

Question 7

Judicial Aims and Objectives

Answer 7

Basic role is to interpret and apply the law to cases that come before them in courts. Crown Court- Manage trial Appeal Court- Make rulings on appeals

Question 8

Funding

Answer 8

SSRB recommendations to PM + Lord Chancellor on how much judges should be paid. In 2020- Senior Judges- £262,000. Distinct Judges- £112,000

Question 9

Working Practices

Answer 9

Maintain their independence, Have security of tenors, salary is guaranteed, deal with all types of offenders- least serious dealt with by magistrates