AC 2 Flashcards
What are the three forms of social control
Indirect
Direct
Internal
Which individualistic theory relates to internal social control
Freuds Psychoanalysis Theory. Id, Superego and Ego
According to Freud, which part of out unconscious mind allows us to behave in acceptable ways
SuperEgo - Exercises social control by restraining selfish urges.
What are Norms and Values
Norms- Shared Standards of acceptable behaviour
Values- Important beliefs or ideas of a person in a community
Define Socialisation
Learning from other members of society about norms and vales. EG Religion or culture
What are the basic principles of Skinners Operant learning theory
Punishments deter undesired behaviour and Rewards encourage acceptable behaviour
Define Coercion
The use of threat or force in order to make someone do or stop doing something
How can Deterrence be used to achieve social control
By putting people off through the fear of punishment, theoretically crime rates will decrease
What are the 4 main principles of Hirschi’s Control theory
Attachment-The more we are attached to society, the more we care
Commitment- The more we are committed the bigger the risk
Involvement- The more involved we are, the less time for crime
Beliefs- If we are socialised in a certain way- we are less likely to break the law
What was Walter Reckless’ argument
Effective socialisation can provide internal containment by building the self-control to resist the temptation to offend
How do Feminists use Control Theory to explain low female rates of offending
Frances Heidensohn- Patriarchal society controls females more closely making it harder for them to offend
What are the 5 aims of Punishment
Retribution
Rehabilitation
Public Protection
Reparation
Deterrence
What are the basics of Retribution
Punishment should fit the crime. The idea of an eye for an eye
Define Reparation
Giving back to the community
What does Rehabilitation mean
To ensure that the offenders change their behaviour
