AC 1.2 -describe the organisation of the criminal justice system in England & Wales

Question 1

Police: role

Answer 1

• principle role - law enforcement
• enforces laws created by Parliament & judges
• investigate crime using their powers of arrest to detain suspects
• collecting evidence to enable CPS to make charging decisions
• issue out-of-court disposals such as cautions & warning
  
  • saves the courts time and expense of trial

Question 2

how the police works with the CPS?

Answer 2

• gather evidence that helps CPs make charging decisions

Question 3

how the police works with the courts?

Answer 3

• police can give evidence as a prosecution witness
• protect vulnerable witnesses/ victims so that they can safely testify

Question 4

how the police works with the HM prison & probation service?

Answer 4

• arrest prisoners recalled to custody for breaching release terms following information from prison and probation service
  
  • eg: following Sarah’s law police cooperated with Probation to manage child sex offender disclosure scheme
• work together to protect local communities from crime and make them feel safer

Question 5

how the police may work with other agencies in the CJS?

Answer 5

• agencies such as community safety partnerships
• campaigns such as Bobby Turnball’s campaign to change gun licensing laws

Question 6

CPS: role

Answer 6

• independent prosecution service (Prosecutions of Offences Act 1985)
• make charging decisions using the Fullcode test ( Criminal justice Act 2003)

Question 7

how does the CPS work with police?

Answer 7

• advise investigating officers on evidence which is needed for a case to be charged
• assesses evidence from police using the Full code test & decides if they should be charged

Question 8

how does the CPS work with the courts?

Answer 8

• prepares & presents cases in court
• prepares cases for Attorney General to refer to Lenient sentences the COA under Unduly scheme

Question 9

courts: role

Answer 9

• overseen by the Ministry of Justice
• managed by the HM courts & tribunals
• ensures the administration of justice in criminal proceedings
• impose formal punishments

Question 10

how does the courts work with the police?

Answer 10

• helps build a case by gathering evidence to charge a suspect
• can be called to give evidence as a prosecution witness
• protect vulnerable witnesses/ victims
• ensure the safe delivery of suspects detained
• can ask magistrates to issue arrest warrant & warrant to search and gather evidence

Question 11

legal professionals: role

Answer 11

present cases for the prosecution or for the defence

Question 12

how does the courts work with prisons?

Answer 12

• prison sentences are managed by the prison service
• protects the public by supervising offenders sentenced
• ensures defendants remanded are brought to court for trial

Question 13

how does the courts work with the probation service?

Answer 13

• manages offenders in the community via things such as community orders
• provides courts with pre sentence reports in offenders following an interview

Question 14

Prison service: role

Answer 14

• government oversight: ministry of justice
• protects public supervises those remanded by the courts
• rehabilitation of offenders through education & training within custody

Question 15

how does the prison service work with the police?

Answer 15

• defendants remain in custody of a police officer when being transported to court & passes information about prisoners such as crimes convicted for

Question 16

how does the prison service work with the courts?

Answer 16

work together to ensure custody before trial

Question 17

how does the prison service work with the probation service?

Answer 17

• prepares offenders for release on license & manage in communities

Question 18

how does the prison service work with the voluntary organisations?

Answer 18

Howard League for Penal Reform
Prison Reform trust

Question 19

HM Probation Service

Answer 19

• supervises offenders in the community via community orders
• supervises completion of additional requirements of community orders such as drug testing
• supervises offenders released on license or parole
  
  • helping them to intergrate back into society
  • reduce likelihood of offending

Question 20

how does the probation service work with the police?

Answer 20

• arrest offenders in breach of community orders or release terms on advice of probation officers

Question 21

how does the probation service work with the courts?

Answer 21

• provides them with pre-sentence reports to help courts sentence offenders
• manages offenders sentenced to community orders
  probation officers attend & advise on breaches of community orders

Question 22

how does the probation service work with the prison?

Answer 22

• works with them prepare offenders for release