AC 1.2 -describe the organisation of the criminal justice system in England & Wales Flashcards
Police: role
- principle role - law enforcement
- enforces laws created by Parliament & judges
- investigate crime using their powers of arrest to detain suspects
- collecting evidence to enable CPS to make charging decisions
- issue out-of-court disposals such as cautions & warning
- saves the courts time and expense of trial
how the police works with the CPS?
- gather evidence that helps CPs make charging decisions
how the police works with the courts?
- police can give evidence as a prosecution witness
- protect vulnerable witnesses/ victims so that they can safely testify
how the police works with the HM prison & probation service?
- arrest prisoners recalled to custody for breaching release terms following information from prison and probation service
- eg: following Sarah’s law police cooperated with Probation to manage child sex offender disclosure scheme
- work together to protect local communities from crime and make them feel safer
how the police may work with other agencies in the CJS?
- agencies such as community safety partnerships
- campaigns such as Bobby Turnball’s campaign to change gun licensing laws
CPS: role
- independent prosecution service (Prosecutions of Offences Act 1985)
- make charging decisions using the Fullcode test ( Criminal justice Act 2003)
how does the CPS work with police?
- advise investigating officers on evidence which is needed for a case to be charged
- assesses evidence from police using the Full code test & decides if they should be charged
how does the CPS work with the courts?
- prepares & presents cases in court
- prepares cases for Attorney General to refer to Lenient sentences the COA under Unduly scheme
courts: role
- overseen by the Ministry of Justice
- managed by the HM courts & tribunals
- ensures the administration of justice in criminal proceedings
- impose formal punishments
how does the courts work with the police?
- helps build a case by gathering evidence to charge a suspect
- can be called to give evidence as a prosecution witness
- protect vulnerable witnesses/ victims
- ensure the safe delivery of suspects detained
- can ask magistrates to issue arrest warrant & warrant to search and gather evidence
legal professionals: role
present cases for the prosecution or for the defence
how does the courts work with prisons?
- prison sentences are managed by the prison service
- protects the public by supervising offenders sentenced
- ensures defendants remanded are brought to court for trial
how does the courts work with the probation service?
- manages offenders in the community via things such as community orders
- provides courts with pre sentence reports in offenders following an interview
Prison service: role
- government oversight: ministry of justice
- protects public supervises those remanded by the courts
- rehabilitation of offenders through education & training within custody
how does the prison service work with the police?
- defendants remain in custody of a police officer when being transported to court & passes information about prisoners such as crimes convicted for
how does the prison service work with the courts?
work together to ensure custody before trial
how does the prison service work with the probation service?
- prepares offenders for release on license & manage in communities
how does the prison service work with the voluntary organisations?
Howard League for Penal Reform
Prison Reform trust
HM Probation Service
- supervises offenders in the community via community orders
- supervises completion of additional requirements of community orders such as drug testing
- supervises offenders released on license or parole
- helping them to intergrate back into society
- reduce likelihood of offending
how does the probation service work with the police?
- arrest offenders in breach of community orders or release terms on advice of probation officers
how does the probation service work with the courts?
- provides them with pre-sentence reports to help courts sentence offenders
- manages offenders sentenced to community orders
probation officers attend & advise on breaches of community orders
how does the probation service work with the prison?
- works with them prepare offenders for release
