AC 1.2

Question 1

What are the 4 main parts of the Criminal Justice System (CJS)

Answer 1

Law creation & administration
Law enforcement
The Courts
Punishment of convicted offenders

Question 2

Describe the organisation and role of Law Creation

Answer 2

Parliment passes Acts

Judges create law- by setting judicial precedent for other courts to follow and by interpreting the meaning of statues

Question 3

Describe the organisation and role of Police/Law Enforcement

Answer 3

Role is to enforce criminal law

Investigate crimes
They arrest, detain and question suspects
With minor cases they issue cautions or fixed penatly notices

In many case they send files to the CPS to let them deicide wheteher prosecution should happen

Question 4

How many regional police forces are there in E&W

Answer 4

There are 43 regional poice forces in E&W

Question 5

Describe the organisation and role of HM Courts and Tribunal services

Answer 5

Responsible for the adminsitation of the courts and tribunals in E&W

Decide pre-trial issues like bail or legal aid

Arrange sentence hearing or trial (depending on what offender pleads)

Question 6

What do the Magistrate court deal with

Answer 6

Often, less serious offences (roughly 95% of all cases)

Question 7

What do Crown Court deal with?

Answer 7

Serious offences that are triable by a judge and jury

They decide the verdict of a defendant based on the cases presented by the CPS and defence lawyers

If guilty they also decided the punishment based on the Sentencing Guidelines from the Sentencing Council

Question 8

What do the HM Prision and Probahtion service deal with?

Answer 8

Carries out sentencing given by courts

HM Prison service supervise the offender in cusoty

National Probahtion Service supervise offenders serving a sentence in the community + prisoners released on probahtion and those under rehabiliation programmes

Question 9

Describe the realtionship between the Police and Courts

Answer 9

Give evidence as prosecution witnesses

Protect
vulnerable witnesses,

Hold defendants in police
cells

Transport defendants to and from court.

Question 10

Describe the realtionship between the Police and CPS and HM Prison/Probation Servies

Answer 10

CPS
Provide evidence for prosecution.

Charge offenders in line with CPS instructions

HM Prision/Probahtion

Police arrest prisoners recalled to prison for breaching terms of their licence.

Police cooperate with prison and probation services in managing the list of
child sex offenders living in their area.

Question 11

How do the CPS work with Police and Courts

Answer 11

The Police:
Advise on lines of enquiry and evidence collection
to build a case.
Instruct the police on charging suspects.

The Courts
Prepare and present the prosecution case against offenders-preparing appeals
against unduly lenient sentences.