AC 1.1- compare criminal behaviour and deviance Flashcards
compare criminal behaviour and deviance
what is the social definition of criminal behaviour?
This can change !
where society dictates what is a crime and what isn’t- if a society has said an act is a crime then it becomes one. Some acts are crimes in some countries but not in others.
What is the legal definition of criminal behaviour?
depends on the social definition!
Behaviour which would break the law and for which you are punished by the legal system
What 2 elements must a crime have?
Actus reus (the guilty act)
A mans Rea (the guilty mind/ intention)
What is a non-court sanction?
Punishments not given by the judge- they apply to minor crimes
Who are non-court sanctions given by?
the police
Is a non-court sanction a criminal conviction?
No
What do you have to do in order to be cautioned?
you have to admit an offence and agree to be cautioned
What is a conditional caution as a non-court offence?
they’re given by the police where you have to agree to certain rules and restrictions
What is a penalty notice as a non-court offence?
A notice (which is recorded on the systems database) given for disorder and is likely to come with a fine
What is the age requirement for a penalty notice?
18+
What happens if you receive a penalty notice and you’re not at/above the age requirement?
The notice goes to your parents
What is a court sanction?
A punishment given by the law/ court
What is a custodial sentence as a court sanction?
A prison sentence which depends on what you did and the severity of your actions
What are the 4 different types of court sanctions?
mandatory
discretionary
text term
indeterminate
What is the example you studies of custodial sentencing?
In 2017
A 47 year old man from Birmingham had his license terminated for speeding.
His wife fell ill and the ambulance didn’t arrive to their house
Despite his license termination he sped to the hospital
Police were aware of his ban and we was summoned to court
Due to the circumstances the judge was lenient and let him off
What is a fine as a court santion?
A financial penalty where the amount depends on the seriousness of the offence and the financial circumstances of the offender
What is a conditional discharge as a court sanction?
where an offender is found guilty but receives no immediate punishment, as long as they do not reoffend within a specified period. If they do reoffend, they can be sentenced for both the original and new offense
What is an absolute discharge as a court sanction?
No penalty is given to the criminal if they’re technically guilty but morally blameless and going to court is punishment enough
What are the 2 fatal offences against a person?
Manslaughter
Murder
What are the 3 non-fatal offences against a person?
Assault
Battery
Grievous bodily harm
What are the 4 criminal offences against someone’s property?
Theft
criminal damage
arson
vandalism
What are the 5 sexual offences?
Rape
Sexual assault
Prostitution
Sexual exploitation
Indecent exposure
What are the 2 public offences?
Riot
Hate speech
What are the 3 drug offences?
Possession of drug
Supplying drugs
Production of drugs
